Abstract This study investigated the triple-deficit hypothesis in Arabic, a Semitic transparent orthography, among 258 native Arabic children from Grade 3, divided into typical readers group ( n = 204) and dyslexia 54). Children were tested on word- pseudoword-reading accuracy, word-reading fluency, phonological awareness (PA), naming speed (NS), orthographic processing (OP), nonverbal reasonin...

Humans have two, frontally placed eyes and during reading oculomotor and sensory processes are needed to combine the two inputs into a unified percept of the text. Generally, slight vergence errors, i.e., fixation disparities, occur but do not cause double vision since disparate retinal inputs fall into Panum's fusional area, that is, a range of disparity wherein sensory fusion of the two retin...

Acquired dyslexia research has been conducted mainly on English neurological patients. A limited number of dyslexia studies on non-alphabetic orthographies are available. Classical case studies for acquired dyslexia in Japanese, which has two distinctive scripts (morphographic Kanji and phonographic Kana), reported 'script-dependent' dyslexia patterns. Although recent case studies showed 'scrip...

BACKGROUND Although interpretive performance varies substantially among radiologists, such variation has not been examined among mammography facilities. Understanding sources of facility variation could become a foundation for improving interpretive performance. METHODS In this cross-sectional study conducted between 1996 and 2002, we surveyed 53 facilities to evaluate associations between fa...

PURPOSE Visual disturbances that make it difficult to read text are often termed "visual stress". Coloured filters in spectacles may help some children overcome reading problems that are often caused by visual stress. It has been suggested that for optimal effect each child requires an individually prescribed colour for each eye, as determined in systems such as the "Harris Foundation" coloured...

Most vocabulary learning should occur incidentally through listening and reading. This is one of the  reasons  why  a  substantial  extensive  reading  program  is  an  important  part  of  an  English course.  Extensive  reading  requires  the  learners  to  do  large quantities  of  reading  using  material that  is  at  the  right  level  for  them.  Vocabulary  learning  occurs  through  th...

the narratives permitting common reading of quran, despite differences in the readings of imams and those of common ones, allow people to read as common reading. some persons regard seven readings as the proof of their permissibility. others, based on periods, have considered them as permissible only in the imams era. and some jurists have regarded only hafs’ narrative as the proof of these tra...

Two connectionist models are reported that simulated the defining features of the double dissociation between phonological and surface dyslexia in word reading. One model was a feed-forward, three-layer perceptron, and the other included recurrent connections. Neither model contained an architectural separation of sublexical and lexical processes, nor of phonological and semantic processes. Ana...