Interpersonal violence is a major cause of ill health in urban communities and a significant social and political problem. The epidemiology of interpersonal violence is summarized, highlighting the fact the youth are overrepresented as victims and perpetrators of violence. General areas of agreement and disagreement about programmatic approaches to reducing youth violence are summarized, emphas...

CONTEXT Inadequate pain control is a dismaying reality in cancer patients. OBJECTIVES To review studies on cancer pain control interventions, and describe their findings with respect to participants' attitudes and knowledge, pain management, and pain levels. DATA SOURCES Computer searches were made in MEDLINE from January 1962, in PsychLIT from January 1974, and in CINAHL from January 1982 ...

Within the last decade data on the burden of mental disorders worldwide demonstrates that it is a major public health problem affecting persons, their significant others and society more broadly. It has been estimated that globally one in four people will be affected by a mental disorder. Evidence is growing that these disorders can be effectively treated with both psychosocial counselling and ...

BACKGROUND The quality of primary care delivered in resource-limited settings is low. While some progress has been made using educational interventions, it is not yet clear how to sustainably improve care for common acute illnesses in the outpatient setting. Management of urinary tract infection is particularly important in resource-limited settings, where it is commonly diagnosed and associate...

Past work with the Construct simulation tool has asked questions at the population level: what percentage of the total population knew a fact, held a belief, or performed an action. Since several cognitive and access mechanisms have been added to Construct, and these attributes have been tied to socio-demographic sub-populations, it is now possible to examine the effects of educational interven...

The article discusses current evaluation methodologies used to assess the usability, user enjoyment, and pedagogical efficacy of virtual learning environments (VLEs) and serious games. It also describes the evaluations of two recently developed projects: a virtual learning environment that employs a fantasy 3D world to engage deaf and hearing children in mathand sciencebased educational tasks, ...

BACKGROUND Education of patients with diabetes is considered a fundamental aspect of diabetes care and aims to empower patients by improving knowledge and skills. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of reports published about educational interventions on Iranian patients with diabetes. METHODS All published articles in Iranian and international journals and those presente...

Objective. To review the literature on the impact of educational asthma interventions in schools regarding the knowledge and morbidity of the disease among children and adolescents. Methods. A systematic review was conducted for controlled clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of educational asthma interventions for students, asthmatic or nonasthmatic, families, and school staff. Data...

Can interventions meaningfully increase intelligence? If so, how? The Database of Raising Intelligence is a continuously updated compendium of randomized controlled trials that were designed to increase intelligence. In this article, the authors examine nearly every available intervention involving children from birth to kindergarten, using meta-analytic procedures when more than 3 studies test...