Abstract Research in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), that is the medium of communication between people who come from different linguacultural backgrounds, has created rich body work various areas. This article focuses on more recent development this research for teachers and teacher educators perspective critical language education (CLE). We explore how ELF research, both linguistic/discours...

Adequate penetration to the infection/colonization site is crucial to attain optimal efficacy of posaconazole against Aspergillus fumigatus diseases. We evaluated posaconazole exposure in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The posaconazole exposure (area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 h postinfusion [AUC...

The time above the MIC (T>MIC) is the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameter that correlates with the therapeutic efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics. A prolonged infusion can provide plasma drug concentrations that remain above the MIC for a long period. The objective of this study was to compare the PK/PD parameters in bronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of biapenem given as 0....

BACKGROUND The alkaline phosphatase (AP) substrate 2-(5'-chloro-2'-phosphoryloxyphenyl)-6-chloro-4-(3H)-quinazolinone (ELF((R))-97 for enzyme-labeled fluorescence) has been found useful for the histochemical detection of endogenous AP activity and AP-tagged proteins and oligonucleotide probes. In this study, we evaluated its effectiveness at detecting endogenous AP activity by flow cytometry. ...

[1] Extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ELF/VLF) radio waves are difficult to generate with conventional antennas. Ionospheric high frequency (HF) heating facilities generate ELF/VLF waves via modulated heating of the lower ionosphere. HF heating of the ionosphere changes the lower ionospheric conductivity, which in the presence of natural currents such as the auroral electrojet creates...

the ever increasing rate of power consumption has led to an increase in public exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (elf-mfs) and brought severe concerns about their health effects. considering previous studies and the facts about potential health effects of these fields, the present study aimed to evaluate the elf-mf flux densities from power distribution lines near hospitals i...

background: rapidly increasing possibilities of exposure to environmental extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (elf-emf) have become a topic of worldwide investigation. epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that exposure to elf-emf may increase cancer risk therefore assessment of chromosomal damage in various cell lines might be of predictive value for future risk estimation....

Broadband ELF/VLF measurements of sferics near Ft. Collins, Colorado, demonstrate that ELF sferic energy is a proxy for sprite occurrence which can be used to estimate the number of sprites produced by a thunderstorm. Ultra-long range (∼12,000 km) measurements at Palmer Station, Antarctica, confirm the application of this proxy to storms where no video observations of sprites are available. Com...

Conventional physics cannot explain bioeffects caused by ELF fields [1]. A (double) resonance interaction of ELF radiation with the highly sub-thermal coherent motion of spiral waves in living matter (LM) is suggested. The (geo)magnetic cyclotron resonance (CR) absorption by the constituent ions can drastically change their non-thermal degrees of freedom in the spiral state, destroying their pa...