[1] The influence of mixed‐phase stratiform clouds on the surface shortwave irradiance is examined using unique spectral shortwave irradiance measurements made during the Indirect and Semi‐Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC), supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. An Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD, Inc.) spectroradiometer measured downwelling s...

[1] The most accurate value of total solar irradiance during the 2008 solar minimum period is 1360.8 ± 0.5 W m according to measurements from the Total Irradiance Monitor (TIM) on NASA’s Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) and a series of new radiometric laboratory tests. This value is significantly lower than the canonical value of 1365.4 ± 1.3 W m established in the 1990s, which en...

The results of two methods retrieving actinic flux and ozone photolysis frequencies (JO1D), from measurements of irradiance with a Brewer MKIII spectroradiometer are investigated in this paper. The first method uses actinic flux retrieved from irradiance measurements by the use of known formulas while the second is an empirical method converting irradiance to JO1D through polynomials extracted ...

A number of previous studies have discussed the risk of eye damage from broadband ultraviolet (UV) radiation. As the biologically damaging effectiveness of UV irradiation on the human body is known to be wavelength-dependent, it is necessary to study the distribution of the UV spectral irradiance. In order to quantify the ocular biologically effective UV (UVBE) irradiance exposure of different ...

We describe a global illumination method combining two well known techniques: photon mapping and irradiance caching. The photon mapping method has the advantage of being view independent but requires a costly additional rendering pass, called final gathering. As for irradiance caching, it is view-dependent, irradiance is only computed and cached on surfaces of the scene as viewed by a single ca...

In 2018, the authors were invited to share their perspectives as Indigenous studies scholars work of Breakthrough Listen, an organization affiliated with both Berkeley SETI Research Center (BSRC) and Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). This collectively authored statement highlights some ethical concerns these perceived regarding history colonialism expectations find “advanced” or ...

The estimation of global solar radiation incident on the earth’s surface is an important issue for several solar-based applications. From a signal processing point of view, it falls within nonstationary, non-linear/non-Gaussian dynamical inverse problems. In this paper, we propose a sequential Monte Carlo state space approach combining satellite images and in situ data. We propose original obse...

Microorganisms can be used as model systems for studying biological responses to extraterrestrial conditions; however, the methods for studying their response are extremely challenging. Since the first high altitude microbiological experiment in 1935 a large number of facilities have been developed for short- and long-term microbial exposure experiments. Examples are the BIOPAN facility, used f...

For this study, we compared the spectral and integrated irradiance computed by high-resolution and moderate-resolution radiative transfer models (FASE and MODTRAN). It was found that the spectral resolution of a top of the atmosphere solar irradiance, coupled with the spectral resolution of the model used to compute the atmospheric transmittance, can influence the calculation of integrated sola...