An alternative formulation of the Langley plot relating observed solar irradiance, extraterrestrial solar irradiance, and air mass has been suggested to potentially improve radiometer calibration accuracy. In this study, results from the traditional and alternative plotting methods are compared using both simulated and measured data. The simulations indicate that their relative accuracies depen...

Satellite ocean colour missions require a standard extraterrestrial solar irradiance spectrum in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) for use in the process of radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction and normalization of water-leaving radiances from in-situ measurements. There are numerous solar irradiance spectra (or models) currently in use within the ocean colour community and related...

Broken cloud fields create mosaic radiative landscapes with interchanging cloud-shaded and sunlit areas. While clouds attenuate solar radiation incident on cloud-shaded areas, sunlit ground surfaces may actually receive more irradiance than under a clear sky due to light scattering and reflection from neighboring clouds. In this paper, we studied these two opposite but closely related aspects o...

Solar irradiance spectral measurements were performed during a total solar eclipse. The spectral effect of the limb darkening to the global, direct irradiance and actinic flux measurements was investigated. This effect leads to wavelength dependent changes in the measured solar spectra showing a much more pronounced decrease in the radiation at the lower wavelengths. Radiative transfer model re...

In the realm of solar forecasting, it is common to use a clear sky model output deseasonalise irradiance time series needed build forecasting models. However, most these models require setting atmospheric parameters for which accurate values may not be available site under study. This can hamper accuracy prediction Normalisation data with leads construction so-called index. Another way normaliz...

For remote sensing of the Earth in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and short-wave infrared (SWIR), the extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance (Esun (λ)) has to be known with high accuracy. However, the discrepancy in currently available zero air mass Esun (λ) data is large due to two sources of uncertainties: the variation of the solar activity and uncertainties in the experimental data...

In this paper, we optimize the structure of multi-paired SiO2/TiO2 Bragg reflector to obtain broad-band and broad-angled high solar reflectivity in visible near-infrared frequencies. To control refractive index contrast BR pairs, porosity SiO2 (same across all layers) is also allowed change. We study trade-off between number pairs overall performance structure. As a result optimization, demonst...

The first successful deployment of the fullyoperational ultraviolet rotating shadow-band spectroradiometer occurred during the May 2003 US Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program’s Aerosol Intensive Observation Period. The aerosol properties in the visible range were characterized using redundant measurements with several instruments to determine the column aerosol opti...

Quantitative assessment of the UV effects on aquatic ecosystems requires an estimate in-water hyperspectral radiation field. Solar in ocean waters is estimated a global scale by combining extraterrestrial solar irradiance from Total and Spectral Irradiance Sensor (TSIS-1), satellite estimates cloud/surface reflectivity, ozone Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) chlorophyll concentration Moderate ...

Originally, the goal in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) was to detect the existence of extraterrestrial life by their radio frequency (microwave) emissions [1]. More recently its scope has expanded to include the search for extraterrestrial intelligence at optical frequencies [2], and the search for extraterrestrial artifacts (SETA) in our solar system [3, 4]. This paper is ...