the increasing consumption of electricity in iran is one of the greatest concerns of the government. using the subsidy-based pricing system is one of the main reasons of improper pattern of residential electricity consumption that has imposed great cost over the government due to the increased number of consumers and their improper way of consuming electricity. in this paper, we analyze the fac...

forest road construction is the most costly operation in forestry. road designing and construction in unsuitable areas may increase construction and maintenance costs and also cause many environmental impacts. therefore, it is required to pay more attention to forest road design. in this research, we tried to introduce an appropriate method for locating forest roads using gis and ahp simultaneo...

black forest horses are typically chestnut colored with flaxen mane and tail. however, as their coat color can get very dark, they are sometimes also indicated as silver, a color depending on a black base color. to analyse if the silver allele is present in the black forest horse population, we genotyped 250 horses of this breed for formerly reported coat color mutations within mc1r and silv. a...

Background: The relationship between air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight and IUGR was studied. However, very few studies evaluated the effect of air pollution emissions on spontaneous abortion. We examined association between spontaneous abortion of the first trimester of pregnancy and ambient concentrations of carbon monoxide in Tehran. Materials and Meth...

Coastal areas are rapidly developing due to population growth and the appeal of coastlines. In order to gain insight into how land use/cover affects carbon (C) storage in a coastal context, we examined soil and vegetation C and soil nitrogen (N) across land uses near Apalachicola, FL. Forested wetlands had the greatest soil C and N storage, while natural pine forests and pine plantations had th...

one of the indicators of management and sustainability control of forest resources is the definition deforestation and degradation types. these factors hazard quantitative and qualitative of the iranian forests. in this study with integrated approach, different forms of forest degradation identified in the forest areas with a reviews of library resources and then investigation the degree of sta...

residential mobility is an important ecological mobility which, besides physical impacts, has contributed in shaping or reshaping of urban social milieus. the analyses of results related to a sample of 17510 households inhabiting in 40 regions of mashhad indicates that 46.9 percent of them had experienced a residential relocation during a period of ten years, the maximum of which (62.8 percent)...