The vasculature of the dorsal suture of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) fruits bled a sugar-rich exudate when punctured with a fine needle previously cooled in liquid N(2). Bleeding continued for many days at rates equivalent to 10% of the estimated current sugar intake of the fruit. A phloem origin for the exudate was suggested from its high levels (0.4-0.8 millimoles per milliliter) of s...

nanostructured iron oxide powder that has been recovered from waste pickling liquor unit of steel industry was studied for oxidation catalytic applications. in this research, the powder was characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd) and transition electron microscopy (tem) for determination of phase structure, morphology and particle size. furthermore, the specific surface area of the powder was ...

Botulinum neurotoxin has revolutionized the treatment of spasticity and is now administered worldwide. There are currently three leading botulinum neurotoxin type A products available in the Western Hemisphere: onabotulinum toxin-A (ONA) Botox(®), abobotulinum toxin-A (ABO), Dysport(®), and incobotulinum toxin A (INCO, Xeomin(®)). Although the efficacies are similar, there is an intense debate ...

OBJECTIVES A total of 229 confirmed cholera cases were reported in Alborz Province during an outbreak that lasted from June 2011 to August 2011. This study aimed to identify potential sources of transmission in order to determine suitable interventions in similar outbreaks. In other words, the lessons learned from this retrospective study can be utilized to manage future similar outbreaks. ME...

Star fruit juice is a potent in vitro inhibitor of CYP3A; however, few reports are available on the inhibition of CYP3A activities by star fruit juice in vivo. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the CYP3A-mediated star fruit-drug interaction in vivo. The effect of star fruit juice on carbamazepine pharmacokinetics was examined in rats. In comparison with water, the area under the concent...

An experiment was conducted to assess the optimum nutrient requirement and ideal mating ratios for Alabio ducks for production of fertile eggs and hatchability under rural feeding management. A total of 135 forty weeks old females and 27 males were used in the study. They were fed on low (17.5%), medium (19.5%) and high (21.5%) crude protein (CP) in diets containing approximately 3050 kcal of m...

Tendral type cultivar melons (Cucumis melo L., inodorus group, Winter melon variety) were stored for a 75-d postharvest period in a ventilated chamber at 10 oC ± 1 oC and 75% ± 5 % RH. Qualitative degradation of the fruit was observed mainly involving proteins and ascorbic acid. It was also found that the sugar/acid ratio increased while the glucose/fructose ratio decreased, thus making the fru...

In this paper, a high-conversion-ratio bidirectional dc–dc converter with coupled inductor is proposed. In the boost mode, two capacitors are parallel charged and series discharged by the coupled inductor. Thus, high step-up voltage gain can be achieved with an appropriate duty ratio. The voltage stress on the main switch is reduced by a passive clamp circuit. Therefore, the low resistance RDS(...

We estimated translocatory balance in fruit of the tropical tree Durio zibethinus Murray on the basis of a compartment model. Rates of fruit respiration, dry weight growth and translocation increased with time. Over the 8.2 weeks of fruit development, the relative distribution of translocation was 80% to dry weight growth and 20% to respiration. The ratio of respiration rate to translocation ra...