Plant-parasitic nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, known as root-knot nematodes (RKN), have an important economic impact on golf course turfgrasses. The most prevalent RKN species associated with grasses are M. chitwoodi, M. graminicola, M. graminis, M. incognita, M. marylandi, M. microtyla, M. minor, M. naasi and M. sasseri. In 2010, slight thickening of the roots and RKN females with unusual...

one of the most importanat traits of fluorescent pseudomonads, a phenomenon also related to their biocontrol, is the ability to develop phase variation during their rhizosphere colonization. for an investigation of this phenomenon, at first 24 bacterial strains of pseudomonas fluorescens that were able to cause an inhibiting zone within the range of 3-14.67 mm. against gaeumannomyces graminis v...

wheat root and crown rot known as take-all disease caused by gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. in iran,the disease has been reported from provinces such as markazi and golestan. in recent years, symptoms of the disease such as stunted and yellow plant, rotted roots and whitened/empty heads have been observed in wheat fields in various...

some plant extracts have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial properties. plant based pesticides appear to be an alternative for the synthetic pesticides because of their less dangerous impacts. the objective of this study was to assess the inhibitory activity of brassica napus water extract on mycelial growth of six phytopathogenic fungi rhizoctonia solani, phythophtora drechseleri, pythium ...

take-all disease of wheat (gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) (ggt) is one of the most destructive root diseases in the world. it has not been introduced resistant genotype against this disease. in this study, 416 genotype of bread wheat, received from different location of iran and other countries, were evaluated to take-all (t-41 isolate) in greenhouse conditions. root dry weight, shoot dr...

To study protein ubiquitination pathways in the interaction of barley (Hordeum vulgare) with the powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis), we measured protein turnover and performed transient-induced gene silencing (TIGS) of ubiquitin and 26S proteasome subunit encoding genes in epidermal cells. Attack by B. graminis hyperdestabilized a novel unstable green fluorescent protein fusion that cont...

Rice blast, the causal agent of which is Magnaporthe grisea, is one of the most destructive plant pathogens known. It has been studied in extraordinary detail from almost all conceivable standpoints (Ziegler, Leong & Teng 1994, Tharreau et al. 2000, Talbot 2003). The genome has been sequenced, and the infection process on leaves is known to comprise a series of developmental steps involving ove...

This article is available online at http://www.jlr.org array of biological mediators, e.g., eicosanoids and leukotrienes in man and to oxylipins and jasmonates in plants and fungi ( 1–4 ). All LOXs belong to the same gene family and usually contain nonheme iron ( 2, 5 ). LOXs have been implicated in physiological and pathophysiological events, ranging from asthma, cancer, and infl ammation in h...