Gray level Slicing is to highlight a specific range of gray values. Power Adaptation methods are presented for gray level slicing approaches. Power Adaptation methods aims in optimization of the resulting bit error rate by gray level slicing without preserving background and gray level slicing with background. This paper gives us an achievable increase in the proposed method rather than the con...

OBJECTIVES Reduced gray matter volume is a frequently reported finding in brain imaging studies performed with schizophrenia patients. Some studies suggest a probable link between the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and gray matter loss; however, some of the negative symptoms observed in schizophrenia patients are not primarily linked to the core of schizophrenia. This study aimed to compare...

Gray code is a well-known binary number system such that neighboring values differ in one digit only. Tsuiki (2002) has introduced Gray code to the field of real number computation. He assigns to each number a unique 1⊥-sequence, i.e., a (possibly infinite) sequence of {−1, 1,⊥} such that at most one copy of ⊥ (meaning undefinedness) is contained in the sequence not as the last character. In th...

Background: Anatomical and histological studies of the spinal cord have always garnered anatomists’ attention because of their high importance in various fields of veterinary medicine, zoology and behavioral science. OBJECTIVES: This work was conducted to understand the detailed histomorphometric aspects of the spinal cord of Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii). METHODS: Six adult Indian...

The topic of Gray codes for the set of compositions with non-negative integer parts has been studied by several authors. Klingsberg gave a non-recursive description of a Gray code for this set after the recursive version of Knuth. Recently, Walsh modified Klingsberg’s algorithm to find a Gray code which generates the set of all bounded compositions with non-negative integer parts. In this paper...

Diverting large quantities of goods from authorized distribution channels to unauthorized or “gray market” channels, albeit legal, significantly affects both firms and consumers due to effects on price, revenue, service and warranty availability, and product availability. In this paper we consider mechanisms by which the uncertainty surrounding inventory ordering decisions drives gray markets. ...

Histogram-based image segmentation is one of the simplest and most often used segmentation techniques. It uses the histogram to select the gray levels for grouping pixels into regions. In a simple image there are two entities: the background and the object. The background is generally one gray level and occupies most of the image. Therefore, its gray level is a large peak in the histogram. The ...

Although brain plasticity in the form of gray matter increases and decreases has been observed in chronic pain, factors determining the patterns of directionality are largely unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that fibromyalgia interacts with age to produce distinct patterns of gray matter differences, specifically increases in younger and decreases in older patients, when compared to age-m...

Analyses of the international security environment have increasingly drawn at tention to what is often referred as gray zone.1 A RAND study exploring hybrid warfare/gray zone challenges defined this part competition contin uum “an