Our paper provides an explanation why cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) provisions and their characteristics vary widely across U.S. industries. We develop models of optimal risk sharing between a firm and union to investigate the determinants of a number of contract characteristics. These include the presence and degree of wage indexing, the magnitude of deferred noncontingent wage increases, c...

The grand challenge in global health is the inequality in mortality and life expectancy between countries and within countries. According to Global Health 2035, the Lancet Commission celebrating the 20th anniversary of the World Development Report (WDR) of 1993, the world now has the unique opportunity to achieve a grand convergence in global mortality within a generation. This article comments...

Abstract Ensuing protein malnutrition in developing countries, an affordable food source needs to be distinguished. Fabaceae family accommodate moth bean ( Vigna aconitifolia L . ) as its one of the important members that ascertains exceptional nutritional composition. Moth is a drought-tolerant legume tropics. Seeds serve abundant besides carbohydrate, fatty acids, minerals and vitamins. Addit...

Previous research on unemployment insurance (UI) has emphasized its disincentive effects for labor supply, but has largely ignored the insurance benefits provided by this public program. This paper directly assesses the consumption smoothing benefits of UI using two different sources of consumption data, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX). The fo...

OBJECTIVE To analyze evolution of the health technology assessment (HTA) at the national level in South Korea. METHODS Analysis of public documents, personal communication, and literative review. RESULTS HTA in South Korea has been developed since 1990s, first introduced by academia and institutionalized within the National Health Insurance (NHI). Rapidly increasing expenditure had been a c...

functional foods have a large and growing global market and are regarded as one of the most actively researched areas of food science. the growth in popularity of functional foods is attributed to the phenomena of consumer health care, increasing health awareness and knowledge in the many benefits of functional foods. common benefits of functional foods include reduction of disease, health main...

Much of the existing literature on the financial protection of health insurance focuses on the impact of insurance status on total out-of-pocket expenditure on all sorts of care sought, regardless of whether the insured patients use their health insurance cards. Using Vietnam's 2006 Household Living Standard Survey data and an appropriate multivariate regression model, this article assesses the...