OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of time intervals in the treatment of fractured femurs as indicators of the quality of trauma systems. METHODS Time intervals from injury to admission, admission to surgery and surgery to discharge for patients with isolated femur fractures in four low- and middle-income countries were compared with the corresponding values from one German hospital, an Israeli...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the national trend in per capita consumption (PCC) of alcohol for Australians aged 15 years and older for the financial years 1990-91 to 2008-09. DESIGN AND SETTING With the use of data obtained from Australian Bureau of Statistics' catalogues and World Advertising Research Centre reports, three alternative series of annual totals of PCC of alcohol for the past 20 years ...

BACKGROUND The way a health system is financed affects the performance of its other functions of stewardship, input (or resource) creation and services provision, and ultimately, the achievement of health system goals of health improvement (or maintenance), responsiveness to people's non-medical expectations and fair financial contributions. OBJECTIVES To analyse the changes between 1998 and ...

The Human Development Index (HDI) is part of the development goals, high HDI not easy to achieve, it takes seriousness government allocate budgets in education sector and health expenditures. Per capita income also increasing HDI. Central Sulawesi's continues increase from 2015-2019, distribution education, health, per sectors increase. purpose this study was determine effect expenditure on Sul...

NATO üyesi ülkeler arasındaki yük paylaşımı tartışmalarının, soğuk savaş sonrası dönemden günümüze kadar gelen süreçte, uluslararası konjonktürdeki değişikliklere bağlı olarak, çeşitli dönemlerde ve farklı yoğunluklarda gündeme geldiği görülmektedir. Bu çerçevede ilgili ampirik literatürde, özellikle ülkelerin askeri harcama düzeyleri için yakınsama davranışının araştırıldığı çalışmalar önemli ...

OBJECTIVE To analyze expenditure on treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and associated factors on mean per capita expenditure. METHODS A probabilistic-deterministic linkage between the database of Authorizations for Highly Complex Procedures and the mortality information system was constructed, resulting in a historical cohort of patients using high-cost medications for the treatment of...

Empirical evidence suggests that macroeconomic growth in India is not correlated with any substantial reductions in the prevalence of child undernutrition over time. This study investigates the two commonly hypothesized pathways through which macroeconomic growth is expected to reduce child undernutrition: (1) an increase in public developmental expenditure and (2) a reduction in aggregate inco...

BACKGROUND Most epidemiological and clinical reports on snake envenoming focus on a single country and describe rural communities as being at greatest risk. Reports linking snakebite vulnerability to socioeconomic status are usually limited to anecdotal statements. The few reports with a global perspective have identified the tropical regions of Asia and Africa as suffering the highest levels o...