Since the one-child policy was introduced by the Chinese state almost thirty years ago, it has commonly been seen by Western observers as a disturbing paradox. Just as China was “freeing up” in other ways, following the death of Mao Zedong and the demise of the Gang of Four, it embarked on the most “draconian birth control campaign in history”—a state-led attempt at social engineering as intrus...

this research is to study the iranian society in the first era of the qajar reign. an important feature of this era lies in its traditional socio-political structure's not being affected by the western civilization. thus, the political behaviour of this society is naturally and to a great extent harmonious with the iranian historical background. in this historical juncture, the roots of au...

This work is about street social education as a pedagogical system that started in Latin America in the late 1970s, as the street population formed mostly by children and adolescents called for attention. The first street social educators were 'pastoral' agents working at the praça da Sé a place with large numbers of street children in São Paulo. Based on the Liberation Theology and on the peda...

When firms reach out to allies in the political field, partisanship can constrain the choice of business partners in the economy. To study the evolution of politicized business camps, we conduct an historical network analysis of the relationship between firm-to-party ties and firm-to-firm ties in the Hungarian economy. We construct a dataset of all senior managers and boards of directors of the...

Mohammad – Taqi Bahar had been living in a historical period of Iran in which religious, geographical boundaries, culture and Iran`s sovereignty were exposed to numerous threats. Indeed, he, as a pious patriot, had a complete knowledge about these issues and attentively took into consideration the national identity phenomenon in his books and poets. They mostly consists the historical and po...