it is not long time that residential complexes have been built in tehran. although during thistime, always influenced by some factors, configuration of the residential complexes has undergone fluctuations, rateof which has been very fast especially in recent decades considering the fundamental changes that have emerged in the housing debate. turning housing into an investment commodity. residen...

Since 1970, the share of income spent on housing grew along with incomes and the relative price of housing. This rising share is consistent with housing being a necessity when demand is sufficiently price inelastic. We estimate housing demand parameters using compensated and uncompensated frameworks over space and time, testing restrictions imposed by demand theory and household mobility. Estim...

We develop a speculation-based theory of home improvements. Housing services are produced from a mix of land and structures. Homeowners have an option to increase their structures (i.e. make improvements) holding fixed their land. Speculative improvements arise because overconfident homeowners mistakenly believe they can add to structures for a lower cost than a competitive construction industr...

This study uses data from 99 Chinese cities covering the decade from 2000 to 2010 to look at factors that drive urban development in China. There are data available to test standard measures of development like housing price. However, there are fundamental problems with doing so due to a Chinese housing market shaped by factors like planned construction with waiting lists, housing as the best a...

Inclusionary zoning (IZ) is an affordable housing tool that links the production of affordable housing to the production of market-rate housing. IZ policies either require or encourage new residential developments to make a certain percentage of the housing units affordable to lowor moderateincome residents. In exchange, many IZ programs provide cost offsets to developers, such as density bonus...

Bringing change to the housing industry requires multiple efforts from various angles especially to overcome any resistances in the form of technology, human aspects, financial and resources. The transition from conventional to sustainable approach consumes time as it requires changes from different facets in the industry ranging from individual, organisational to industry level. In Malaysia, t...

This paper investigates the state-sponsored low cost housing provided to previously disadvantaged communities in the City of Cape Town. The strain imposed on municipal services by informal densification of unofficial backyard shacks was found to create unintended public health risks. Four subsidized low-cost housing communities were selected within the City of Cape Town in this cross-sectional ...

Chile’s housing policy is widely regarded as a success. For almost a decade, new construction has been above the level required to provide houses for new families and replace obsolete structures. This raises hopes that within the next decade all families in Chile will occupy dwellings that comply with minimum quality and service standards. This is no small accomplishment for a country just ente...