A host of technologies has been developed to achieve these aims of the smart grid. Some of these technologies include plug-in electric vehicle, demand response program, energy storage system and renewable distributed generation. However, the integration of the smart grid technologies in the power system operation studies such as economic emission unit commitment problem causes two major challen...

Electro hydraulic actuator (EHA) system has inner and outer loops like a cascade system. The inner loop consists of an electric motor, a gear pump, and an angular velocity controller, and the outer loop consists of a hydro-actuator and a position controller. Especially, dead-band nonlinearity that exists between the electric motor and the gear pump and friction that occurs between the cylinder ...

Hydro-mechanical transmission (HMT) based hybrid hydraulic vehicle architecture is potentially more efficient than other architectures because: 1) it uses the efficient mechanical transmission for partial power transfer, 2) it allows the engine to operate at its most efficient point. The input coupled power split hybrid vehicle being developed is one such example. The increase in degrees of fre...

In order to fully exploit the dynamic operation characteristics of absorption heat pump, a simulation model LiBr pump considering mass transfer and distribution parameters is established. The thermal inertia system are studied, performance crystallization analyzed under conditions source temperature change, cooling water change refrigerant change. results show that: can accurately simulate stea...

Photovoltaics, energy storage, direct current and flexibility (PEDF) are important pillars of achievement on the path to manufacturing nearly zero buildings (NZEBs). HVAC systems, which an part public buildings, play a key role in adapting PDEF systems. This research studied basic principles operational control strategies DC inverter heat pump using distribution network with aim contributing de...

A 3-hydro-4-pyridinone compound derived from maltol and dopamine has been prepared using a microwave reactor. The molecular structure of the protonated product was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals were obtained from a saturated solution of methanol and belong to the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 8.3801(11) Å; b = 9.2583(12) Å; c = 11.5671(15) Å; ...

The share of renewable energies on the net electricity consumption is rising steadily. Especially intermittent, non-controllable sources like wind and sun are gaining importance. With an installed amount of non-controllable power that exceeds the yearly peak load, situations can occur with a surplus of energy in electricity supply systems. This surplus will rise strongly with the share of fluct...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of irreversible hydrocolloid materials poured immediately and after different storage periods. Four alginates were tested: Color Change (Cavex); Hydrogum (Zhermack); Hydrogum 5 (Zhermack); and Hydro Print Premium (Coltene). Their physical properties, including the recovery from deformation (n = 3), compressive strength (n = 3), and d...