The effects of hydrogen-bonding organocatalysts and water for the acceleration of epoxide openings with a variety of nucleophiles are additive and lead to excellent yields of the catalyzed reactions in water.

Multivariate approaches like principal component analysis (PCA) are powerful tools to investigate hydrophobic descriptors and to discriminate between intrinsic hydrophobicity and polar contributions as hydrogen bonds and other electronic effects. PCA of log P values measured for 37 solutes in eight solventwater systems and of hydrophobic octanol-water substituent constants  for 25 metaand para...

The evidence for nanobubbles as the origin of the long-ranged attractions measured between hydrophobic surfaces immersed in water is reviewed by focusing upon several unique features of the force curves. Also covered is the morphology of nanobubbles as revealed by direct imaging with tapping mode atomic force microscopy. A discussion of the origin, thermodynamic stability and practical implicat...

1. Chromatographic studies have been made of the affinities of a number of purified proteins for agarose (Sepharose 4B) substituted with 4-phenylbutylamine (PBA) or with E-aminocaproyl-n-tryptophan methyl ester (ACTME) as compared to controls of untreated agarose and/or of cyanogen bromide treated agarose without addition of a substituting amine. 2. At pH 8, cu-chymotrypsin (3.4.4.5) and 7s y-g...

Explicit solvent, single solute molecular dynamics simulations of protoporphyrin IX and its Fe(2+) complex (heme) in water were performed. The relation of solute-solvent was examined through the spatial distribution functions of water molecules around the centroid of the porphyrin ring. A detailed description of the time-averaged structure of water surrounding the solutes as well as of its fluc...

We introduce and study the behavior of a tethered membrane of non-zero thickness embedded in three dimensions subject to an effective self-attraction induced by hydrophobicity arising from the tendency to minimize the area exposed to a solvent. The phase behavior and the nature of the folded conformations are found to be quite distinct in the small and large solvent size regimes. We demonstrate...

In this study a series of epoxy/silica nanocomposites were prepared by using nano silica particles which had different surface modifications. The morphology of the nanocomposite coatings was characterized by scanning electron microscopy SEM. The effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic feature of the nano particles on the Tg and anticorrosive properties of nanocomposite coatings were evaluate...

Hydrophobic interactions and local dewetting of hydrophobic cavities have been identified as a key mechanism for ionic gating in biological voltage-gated channels in a cell membrane. Hydrophobic interactions are responsible for rectification of the channels, i.e. the ability to transport ions more efficiently in one direction compared to the other. We designed single polymer nanopores with a hy...