In linguistics, a study of the relation between word and meaning is called semantics. Semantics is a term for referring to study the meaning of elements of a language, particularly to study the real context of sentences and phrases of a language. The meaning of ‘recitation’ and ‘chanting’ in terms of Quranic, Hadith and idiomatic applications will be identified in this p...

davood became fearful when he encountered with his diabetes diagnosis for first time. what effect does this disease can have on davood ’ s lifestyle? in this case, the nurse describes how davood ’ s fear is released by education. i met davood in 1992 for first time. he had been admitted in ward since two days ago, and he had been forced to stay at the hospital through neu-rooz holidays. he acce...

Introduction There are things that distinguish great athletes—champions—from others. Most of the sports world thinks it’s their talent. I will argue today that it’s their mindset. This idea is brought to life by the story of Billy Beane, told so well by Michael Lewis in the book Moneyball. When Beane was in high school, he was in fact a huge talent--what they call a “natural.” He was the highes...

A consortium of employers and managed health care organizations has come together to test the feasibility and usefulness of an outcomes management system, a new strategy for providing information on what types of medical care are effective, for whom, and under what circumstances. Systematic measurement of health outcomes can provide the information that patients, providers, and insurers/employe...

Received: 3 October 2005 Accepted: 3 October 2005 I met Claudio as late as the year 2000. We had known one another by name for some time and we had had the occasional exchange of e-mails and a few telephone calls but did not happen to meet in person, as we operated in slightly different fields. I deeply regret that. Claudio will surely remain an important intellectual figure in the interdiscipl...