this research was conducted to investigate the effects of fennel by product (fbp) on productive performance of growing lamb and in vitro gas production parameters, using 20 afshari×chal male lambs (bw = 49 ± 0.24 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design. experimental treatments consisted of diets including of 0, 3, 6 and 9% of fbp (dry matter basis). dietary treatments had no effect ...

the present experiment was carried out to determine the digestion kinetics of carbohydrate fractions of citrus by-products. grapefruit pulp (gp), lemon pulp (le), lime pulp (li) and orange pulp (op) were the test feed. digestion kinetic of whole citrus by-products and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) fraction and acid detergent fiber (adf) fractions of citrus by-products were measured using the in...

introduction: demands of agricultural products, particularly in developing countries, are increasing rapidly. consequently, land and water resources are unable to sustain such demands. for decades, rangelands in africa, west and central asia suffered from overgrazing and many areas are severely degraded. range vegetation used to be the main feed resource for livestock particularly in the arid a...

One of the factors which affects the gas lift performance is specific gravity of a lift gas (or the Molecular weight), which can influence the gas solubility in oil and has a direct effect on the gas lift performance. There are some previous researches which have included the lift gas specific gravity in their modeling, but in none of them, a comprehensive research about the effect of lift gas ...

AIM This study was carried out to investigate the effect of incorporation of different level of walnut cake in concentrate mixture on in vitro dry matter degradation in order to determine its level of supplementation in ruminant ration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Walnut cake was used @ 0, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% level to formulate an iso-nitrogenous concentrate mixtures and designated as T1, T2, T3...

Intraand inter-laboratory variation of in vitro gas production and calculated metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg DM) values were studied using 16 test feeds in 7 laboratories. Intra-laboratory variation was low, with six of the seven laboratories having very high relationships in gas production between runs (R2 ≥ 0.96) and slopes that did not differ from unity. Inter-laboratory differences were hi...

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Fifty-four roughages of known voluntary dry-matter intakes (DMI; range 7.8-35.2 g/kg live weight per d) were examined in vitro in a gas production test. Samples (200 mg) of roughage and roughage neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) respectively were incubated in a mixed suspension of rumen contents for 96 h and the gas volumes recorded after 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54, 60 and 96 h. The kinetics o...

for treatment of anti-nutritional factors(anfs), (?-n-oxalyl -l- ?, ? -diaminopropionic acid (?-odap) and condensed tannin (ct)) in grass pea, some such alkali treatments as naoh, nahco3, kmno4 and wood ash, besides water soaking and polyethylene glycol (peg) (6000 mw) were employed . metabolizable energy (me) of treated and of untreated grass pea was assessed using gas production technique, tw...