We evaluated a differential-reinforcement-based treatment package for the reduction of problem behavior during instructional situations. Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA; compliance) was implemented across two conditions. During one condition, instructions were presented approximately once every other minute. This condition was considered the terminal goal for treatment. ...

The paper provides an overview of the process of designing and developing a Web-based course using instructional design principles and models. First, it will describe instructional design principles and models and how they can be used in designing web-based instruction. Second, upon establishing an instructional design model, it will explain the process of implementing the model in designing an...

While the importance of viewing learning as knowledge creation is gradually recognized (Paavola et al. Computer-supported collaborative learning: foundations for a CSCL community 2002; Rev Educ Res 74:557–576 2004), an important question remains to be answered—what represents an effective instructional design to support collaborative creative learning? This paper argues for the need to move awa...

This paper presents the system for automatic generation of IMS LD compliant E-Course from three components: machine readable explicit representation of instructional design, ontology of learning goals, and IMS Content Packaging compliant learning resources. For the explicit representation of instructional design, we have created a new domain-specific language named ELIDL which is aimed primaril...

This article is the second installment in a four-part Educational Technology series exploring a contemporary perspective on the process of instructional design. In this article, the authors reintroduce the framework of Role-Based Design (RBD) and describe practical strategies for its integration into design workflow. Next, they examine their design process through a role-by-role breakdown, begi...

Schools are working to improve achievement through the examination of instructional practice and the use of instructional technology. This article provides informed commentary on the state of school reform and the need for continuous improvement, instructional improvement and instructional technology improvement. It also presents advocacy for the use of a continuous improvement system called le...

We present an analysis of instructional design quality of 76 randomly selected Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The quality of MOOCs was determined from first principles of instruction, using a course survey instrument. Two types of MOOCs (xMOOCs and cMOOCs) were analysed and their instructional design quality was assessed and compared. We found that the majority of MOOCs scored poorly on m...

Learning is central to the functions of a school and it is important that instruction which is used as a basic tool to promote learning is perfected. It is generally believed that if teachers are left to themselves they may not try to develop their teaching skills. This then, underlines the significance of instructional supervision to help teachers improve their teaching skills. However, as Har...

From teaching in labs to training for assembly, a key role that robots are expected to play is to instruct their users in completing physical tasks. While task instruction requires a wide range of capabilities, such as effective use of verbal and nonverbal language, a fundamental requirement for an instructional robot is to provide its students with task instructions in a way that maximizes the...