A Markovian Petri net is a stochastic discrete event system frequently used for analysis and performance evaluation purposes. In the past, the fluidification has been proposed as a relaxation technique for avoiding the ”state explosion problem”. Following the same approach, in this paper a hybrid Petri net model is defined as a partial relaxation of an original Markovian Petri net. It is shown ...

In this paper we study the fluidization of 1204 spheres at Reynolds numbers in the thousands using the method of distributed Lagrange multipliers. The results of the simulation are compared with a real experiment. This is the first direct numerical simulation of a real fluidized bed at the finite Reynolds number encountered in the applications. The simulations are processed like real experiment...

Accurate calculation of the minimum fluidization velocity makes it possible to reduce raw material losses due use excessively high or low air velocities. This is particularly true for impingement fluidization, which little studied, especially when treating parachute-shaped material. paper focused on determining drag coefficient cauliflower florets, mushrooms, and broccoli. Analysis critical par...

Fluidization of nanoparticle agglomerates is a promising technique to process nanoparticles. However, possible elutriation small may cause significant loss bed material. To obtain the behavior under stable operation, in this study fraction silica measured vibro-fluidized bed, which operated for several hours. Among conditions with different fluidizing gas velocities, Ug, and vibration strength,...

A large amount of fuel cell research focuses on porous gas diffusion (PGD) fuel cells which currently produce the best power density. However, this sect of fuel cell technology has many obstacles to overcome before becoming a viable large scale source or power. Nevertheless, alternatives to PGD fuel cells exist. Fluidized bed electrodes (FBE), packed bed electrodes, and packed screen electrodes...

Secondary seismic radiation is generated by rock fracture in the "damage zone" of an underground nuclear source and by frictional sliding on preexisting fractures in the "non-linear elastic zone" at larger distances from the shot point. This radiation is important for two reasons: (1) Johnson and Sammis [2000] have shown that it can make an important contribution to the far-field seismic signal...