India is undergoing a rapid epidemiological transition with increased urbanization and socio-economic development which has resulted in a dramatic change in lifestyle, consisting of physical inactivity, diet rich in fat, sugar and salt coupled with a high level of mental stress. This has led to increased incidence of lifestyle diseases like hypertension, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus dyslipidemia, o...

background: air pollution is one of the most important factors threatening the health of citizens. it increases the prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases as well as emergency admissions to hospitals in the polluted metropolitan cities. the present study was conducted using air quality (airq) model and aimed to investigate the effects of air pollution on the number of emergency c...

Ischemic preconditioning (IP) is a powerful mechanism of protection discovered in the heart in which ischemia paradoxically protects the myocardium against other ischemic insults. Many factors such as diseases and medications may influence IP expression. Although diabetes poses higher cardiovascular risk, the physiopathology underlying this condition is uncertain. Moreover, although diabetes is...

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Cardiovascular diseases, in turn, are responsible for mortality of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated whether a single parenteral dose of 25(OH) Vit D could improve the endothelial function in T2D patients with ischemic heart disease. A randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind trial was perf...

BACKGROUND The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk conditions is rapidly increasing in low- and middle-income countries, where health systems are generally ill-equipped to manage chronic disease. Policy makers need an understanding of the magnitude and drivers of the costs of cardiovascular disease related conditions to make decisions on how to allocate limited health resources....

Sir, Cardiogenic embolism accounts for about 15% of all ischemic brain infarcts, and most often it is related to atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, or cardiomyopathy. In patients with acute ischemic stroke and concomitant atrial arrhythmias, the arrhythmia is often incriminated as the sole cause of these embolic episodes. However, these arrhythmias may be associated with structural he...

Heart diseases and stroke represent an epidemic cause of death and disability in developed countries1, responsible for about 30 percent of all deaths worldwide each year. The term cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include coronary heart disease (CHD) (myocardial infarction [MI], angina pectoris, coronary insufficiency, and coronary death), cerebrovascular diseases (stroke and transient ischemic att...