This research investigates individual differences in the context of knowledge management system (KMS) usage, knowledge sourcing and learning outcome. Individual differences are measured for mastery, performance and avoidance goal orientations. Individuals with high mastery goal orientations prefer to master and develop new skills and knowledge. Those with high performance goal orientations pref...

Causal relationships among a set of variables is commonly represented by directed acyclic graph. The orientations some edges in the causal DAG can be discovered from observational/interventional data. Further oriented iteratively applying so-called Meek rules. Inferring edges' previously edges, which we call Orientation Learning (COL), common problem various discovery tasks. In these tasks, it ...

Perceptual learning is an instance of adult plasticity whereby training in a sensory (e.g., a visual task) results in neuronal changes leading to an improved ability to perform the task. Yet studies in primary visual cortex have found that changes in neuronal response properties were relatively modest. The present study examines the effects of training in an orientation discrimination task on t...

If learning is defined as those changes in behavior that are not due to native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the organism (as a result of fatigue or drugs, for example), (19) then counseling or psychotherapy must involve learning. But there are different views of the nature of learning, differing descriptions of the learning process, and different theories of learning....

Orientation selective neurons in the primary visual cortex typically respond to a range of orientations that covers 20 degrees or more, while in psychophysical experiments, orientation bandwidth is often clearly narrower. Here, we measure the orientation specificity of perceptual learning for vernier discriminations. More than 70 observers, in separate groups, practiced a vernier discrimination...

At Time 1 (T1), the authors surveyed 277 unemployed adults using measures of human capital, goal orientation, self-regulation (emotion control, motivation control, work commitment), and job-seeking intensity. At Time 2 (T2), 4 months later, 155 participants indicated their reemployment outcomes in number of job interviews and number of job offers. Using T1 data, the authors tested the predictor...