State and non-state actors engaged in disputes to expand and limit abortion rights have engaged in legal mobilization-in other words, strategies using rights and law as a central tool for advancing contested political goals. Peru, like other Latin American countries, has experienced an increase in abortion rights legal mobilization in recent years, including litigation before national and inter...

In their commentary, Haik Nikogosian and Ilona Kickbusch argue for the necessity of new binding international legal instruments for health to address complex health determinants and offer a cogent analysis of the implications of such treaties for future global health governance. Yet in doing so they pay no attention to the existing instrumentarium of international legally binding treaties relev...

Advances in neuroscientific techniques have found increasingly broader applications, including in legal neuroscience (or "neurolaw"), where experts in the brain sciences are called to testify in the courtroom. But does the incursion of neuroscience into the legal sphere constitute a threat to individual liberties? And what legal protections are there against such threats? In this paper, we outl...

in an international connection which different factors of legal relation were spread in different countries, bringing of several actions with the same object in different countries court was completely probable. each party with various reasons seeks litigation in a court which provides their interest in better way. however parallel litigation in it he same object impose burdensome charges on li...

documentary credit or letter of credit (lc) is one of the methods of payment in international commerce. the documentary credit is a binding commitment from the issuing bank to pay a sum of money to the beneficiary on certain conditions. the applicant needs to contract with an issuing bank to open a lc. the legal nature of such contract is a controversy issue and thus different opinions are brou...

A~STRACT THISARTICLE SUGGESTS THAT THE LIBRARY PROFESSION examine the Library Bill of Rights and remove from it those statements which do not represent current legal principles. Library professionals and their patrons must have available a clear statement of those First Amendment principles which receive legal support. A carefully edited document would serve as that statement. The material cull...