Abstract Delamination of the interlayers multi-layer systems can cause a degradation in functionality, stability and life span that system. This is even more pertinent for at high temperature. Laser flash analysis (LFA) has long been used thermophysical properties measurements temperatures. Multi-layer reference artefacts, with without, debonded regions are required validating thermal character...

BACKGROUND Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (LF) has been considered as a major cause of lumbar central spinal stenosis (LCSS). Previous studies have found that ligamentum flavum thickness (LFT) is correlated with aging, disc degeneration, and lumbar spinal stenosis. However, hypertrophy is different from thickness. Thus, to evaluate hypertrophy of the whole LF, we devised a new morphologic...

Several studies agree that microglial cells derive from monocytes that infiltrate the central nervous system during development, but the precise mechanism by which these cells enter into the nervous tissue is still unknown. In this way, the aim of the present study was to analyze the expression of two cell adhesion molecules involved in the recruitment of blood leukocytes into tissues, the lymp...

Abstract Background Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a major role in blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular homeostasis. The wide distribution multifunctional properties of ACE suggest it’s involvement various pathophysiological conditions. Results In this study, novel visual detection method for I/D polymorphisms was designed by integrating direct PCR without the need DNA extrac...

The paper-based immunoassay for point-of-care diagnostics is widely used due to its low cost and portability over traditional lab-based assays. Lateral-flow immunoassay (LFA) is the most well-established paper-based assay since it is rapid and easy to use. However, the disadvantage of LFA is its lack of sensitivity in some cases where a large sample volume is required, limiting its use as a dia...

T cell proliferation in response to many stimuli is known to occur in discrete clusters of dendritic cells (DC) and CD4+ helper lymphocytes. The role of lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA-1) and CD4 in the formation and function of these clusters has been evaluated in the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). By day 1 of the control MLR, most of the DC and responsive T cells are associated i...

Two human molecules with surprisingly similar molecular structures, LFA-1 and Mac-1/OKM1, have recently been found to be important in cytolytic T lymphocyte-mediated killing, and in complement receptor function, respectively. Human LFA-1 contains two subunits of Mr 177,000 and 95,000 (1), and OKM 1/ Mac-1 (2) has two polypeptides of strikingly similar size. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to human ...

The leukocyte function-associated molecule-1 (LFA-1) plays a key role in cell adhesion processes between cells of the immune system. We investigated the mechanism that may regulate LFA-1-ligand interactions, which result in cell-cell adhesion. To this end we employed an intriguing anti-LFA-1 alpha mAb (NKI-L16), capable of inducing rather than inhibiting cell adhesion. Aggregation induced by NK...

The immune cells named T lymphocytes circulate around the body fulfilling their role in immunosurveillance by monitoring the tissues for injury or infection. To migrate from the blood into the tissues, they make use of the integrin LFA-1 which is exclusively expressed by immune cells. These highly motile cells attach and migrate on substrates expressing the LFA-1 ligand ICAM-1. The molecular ev...

BACKGROUND An important aspect in glomerular nephritic processes is the enhanced influx of leukocytes into the glomerulus. METHODS To investigate the mechanisms of intraglomerular leukocyte infiltration in IgA nephropathy (IgA-N) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I (MPGN-I), we immunohistochemically examined the intraglomerular expression of leukocyte function-associated antig...