In this paper, an anomaly detection method in cluster-based mobile ad hoc networks with ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol is proposed. In the method, the required features for describing the normal behavior of AODV are defined via step by step analysis of AODV and independent of any attack. In order to learn the normal behavior of AODV, a fuzzy averaging method is used fo...

The purpose of this paper is to study a fuzzy multipurpose decision making problem, where the information about the alternatives provided by the experts can be of a diverse nature. The information can be represented by means of preference orderings, utility functions and fuzzy preference relations, and our objective is to establish general models which cover all possible representations. Firstl...

The purpose of this paper is to study a fuzzy multipurpose decision making problem, where the information about the alternatives provided by the experts can be of a diverse nature. The information can be represented by means of preference orderings, utility functions and fuzzy preference relations, and our objective is to establish a general model which cover all possible representations. First...

Amedian of a sequence π = x1, x2, . . . , xk of elements of a finite metric space (X, d) is an element x for which ∑k i=1 d(x, xi) is minimum. The function M with domain the set of all finite sequences on X and defined by M(π) = {x : x is a median of π} is called the median function on X, and is one of the most studied consensus functions. Based on previous characterizations of median sets M(π)...

We elaborate on the convexity properties of (not necessarily finite) weakly median graphs and their prime constituents in order to establish a number of equations in terms of the weakly median operation. Then the weakly median graphs can be identified with the discrete members of an equational class of ternary algebras satisfying five independent axioms on two to four points. This demonstrates ...

BACKGROUND Over the past several decades researchers have produced substantial evidence of a social gradient in a variety of health outcomes, rising from systematic differences in income, education, employment conditions, and family dynamics within the population. Social gradients in health are measured using deprivation indices, which are typically constructed from aggregated socio-economic da...

The concept and technics of real space renormalization group are applied to study majority rule voting in hierarchical structures. It is found that democratic voting can lead to totalitarianism by keeping in power a small minority. Conditions of this paradox are analyzed and singled out. Indeed majority rule produces critical thresholds to absolute power. Values of these thresholds can vary fro...

A spin wave majority fork-like structure with feature size of 40 nm, is presented and investigated, through micromagnetic simulations. The structure consists of three merging out-of-plane magnetization spin wave buses and four magneto-electric cells serving as three inputs and an output. The information of the logic signals is encoded in the phase of the transmitted spin waves and subsequently ...