To be sure, all the industries try to be involved in globalization with a constant trend to find out ways to increase productivity across different functions within an organization to maintain competitive advantage world. Pharmaceutical industries are not exceptional and further are based on fragmentation. So these kind of companies need to cope with several barriers such as silo mentality that...

In this study, tactical decisions considering the material and financial flows in a supply chain have been made. To achieve these aims and some effective solutions, a multi-objective mathematical model proposed for an integrated supply chain master planning problem. The multi-product, multi-period and capacitated supply chain network has three objective functions. Two first objective functions ...

P are constantly searching for ways to reconcile the goals of economic growth and environmental protection. Underlying this is the belief that the introduction of cleaner technologies and more effi cient environmental management processes could help reduce the costs of environmental protection and contribute to growth and jobs. Prince Hassan of Jordan and President of the Club of Rome noted in ...

P are constantly searching for ways to reconcile the goals of economic growth and environmental protection. Underlying this is the belief that the introduction of cleaner technologies and more effi cient environmental management processes could help reduce the costs of environmental protection and contribute to growth and jobs. Prince Hassan of Jordan and President of the Club of Rome noted in ...

this paper presents an oil price cartel model. the aggregate reaction functions for non-cartel producers and for substitute suppliers are included. the former group acts as a price-taker, while the latter expects oil prices in production of its non-oil energy resources. this expectation about prices affects a cartel’s oil demand and, thus, gives intertemporal price elasticities it turns out tha...

in recent years, degradation of environment (water and soil resources) by farmers has increase concerns about sustainability of agriculture. farmers’ behaviors affect conservation of these resources and play important role in sustainability of agriculture as well. shiraz county, like other parts of the country, suffers for degradation of soil and water resources. the aim of this study was to pr...

Market-based mechanisms such as auctions are being studied as an appropriate means for resource allocation in distributed and multiagent decision problems. When agents value resources in combination rather than in isolation, they must often deliberate about appropriate bidding strategies for a sequence of auctions offering resources of interest. We briefly describe a discrete dynamic programmin...