Bacterial genome size reflects bacterial evolutionary processes and metabolic lifestyles, with implications for microbial community assembly ecosystem functions. However, to understand the extent of genome-mediated responses environmental selections, we require studies that observe distributions along gradients representing different conditions soil bacteria normally encounter. In this study, u...

A series of tri- and tetra- substituted imidazoles were synthesized from benzyl, aldehyde and ammonium acetate in the presence of zeolite as an ecofriendly reusable catalyst under microwave irradiation in the absence of solvent. The yields are high to excellent and the use of microwave irradiation reduces reaction times to few minute.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anthropogenic depletion of stratospheric ozone in Arctic latitudes has resulted in an increase of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) reaching the biosphere. UV-B exposure is known to reduce above-ground biomass and plant height, to increase DNA damage and cause accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds in polar plants. However, many studies on Arctic mosses tended to be inconclusiv...

the first highly accelerated niementowski reaction of anhranilic acid with some amides or ketones under microwave irradiation leading to quinazolinones and quinoline derivatives is described. these reactions represent some examples of efficient microwave irradiation promoted organic condensation in which the reactions can be carried out in open vessels and provides products of high purity with ...

An efficient and mild methodology for rapid and efficient synthesis of isatin Schiff bases was described under microwave irradiation and solvent free condition.aromatic or heterocyclic Primary amines and isatin could be selectively reacted under microwave irradiation into the corresponding isatin Schiff bases in high yields and short reaction time.  

5(6)-carboxy-rhodamine 110 isomers were rapidly synthesized by condensation of 3-aminophenol and trimellitic anhydride using microwave irradiation as heating method. after esterification of the two isomers, separation and hydrolyzation provided target products,5-carboxy-rhodamine 110 and 6-carboxy-rhodamine 110, in high yields. the results shows microwave irradiation can effectively reduce the ...