the effect of pre-treatments in combination with hot air, vacuum and hot-a microwave drying methods the progress of the drying process, and textural, and colour and rehydration rate on button mushroom (agaricus bisporus) slices were investigated. in this work, one of the following methods: hot air, vacuum drying or microwave-assisted convective drying and also different pre-drying treatments, v...

background: there are many varieties of compounds in chemical and petrochemical wastewater. one of the important members of the chlorophenols (cps) family is ρ-chlorophenol. this pollutant is introduced into the environment through various human activities such as waste incineration, uncontrolled use of wood preservatives, pesticides, fungicides and herbicides, as well as via bleaching the pulp...

Reusable silica supported perchloric acid and potassium bisulphate have been prepared and explored as green catalysts for thiocyanation of aromatic compounds under conventional and solvent free microwave assisted conditions. The microwave assisted protocol exhibited remarkable rate accelerations and offered selective thiocyanation of aromatic and hetero aromatic compounds in good yields. Reacti...

The X-band rf source development at SLAC can be considered a qualified success. A total of twelve klystrons were built. Six of them are still in use. The latest tube, XL4, produced 75 MW at an efficiency of 47.5 percent. However, victory cannot be declared as yet, since an NLC prototype has not been fully designed and the decision between permanent magnet focusing and a super-conducting solenoi...

Effects of four cooking methods (microwave cooking, grilling, steaming and shallow fat frying) and reheating by microwave on volatile profile in S. commerson were evaluated. Thirty compounds were identified in GC-MS analysis of raw samples. The number of volatile compounds had increased to 36, 46, 45 and 45 compounds in microwave cooked, grilled, steamed and shallow fat fried samples, respectiv...

The broad bandwidth and low loss offered by modern photonics have led to an ever-increasing interest in the design and implementation of photonically assisted solutions for the generation, processing, control and distribution of microwave signals, an area called microwave photonics. In this article, a tutorial on microwave photonics is presented with an emphasis on optical generation of microwa...

salmonella     species show different disease syndromes and host specificity, according to their antigenic profile. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is one of the most frequently isolated serovar from foodborne outbreaks. poultry meat has been identified as one of the principal foodborne sources of salmonella. in this study, the effect of microwave treatment of chicken meat samples wh...

The detection and disposal of antipersonnel land mines is one of the most difficult and intractable problems faced in ground conflict. This paper presents detection methods which use a separated-aperture microwave sensor and an artificial neural-network pattern classifier. Several data-specific preprocessing methods are developed to enhance neural-network learning. In addition, a generalized Ka...

The Magnetron is one of the efficiency high-power microwave source, although the energy conversion efficiency decreases with pulsed-power relativistic electron beam. We study the capability to increase energy conversion efficiency of Relativistic Magnetron by using Transparent Cathode. The Transparent-Cathode consists of independent cathode strips. Each cathode strip caused azimuthal magnetic f...