Skeletal muscle mitochondria are arranged as a reticulum. Insight into the functional characteristics of such structure is achieved by viewing the network as consisting of "subsarcolemmal" (SS) and "intermyofibrillar" (IMF) regions. During the decades, most, but not all, published studies have reported higher (sometimes over 2-fold) enzyme and enzyme-pathway protein-specific activities in IMF c...

We have observed the Corona Borealis Supercluster with the Millimeter and Infrared Testa grigia Observatory (MITO), located in the Italian Alps, at 143, 214, 272, and 353 GHz. We present a description of the measurements, data analysis , and results of the observations together with a comparison with observations performed at 33 GHz with the Very Small Array (VSA) interferometer situated at the...

Using the general theory developed by the author in the previous paper, the problems of thermophoresis and diffusio-phoresis have been examined with a view to elucidating the effect of a general gas-surface scattering law on the associated forces. It is found that, in thermo-phoresis, there exists a close coupling between the first anisotropic moment of the gas-surface scattering law and the so...

A model for the simulation of gas flow in clayey rocks and clays is described. Gas migration is associated with the development of preferential paths along existing or pressure-dependent discontinuities. The model handles the combined phenomena of two-phase (air and liquid) flow and the generation of discrete paths. Aperture of discrete paths is the main variable to account for permeability and...

The Chemoresponsiveness of a Moloney sarcoma virusinduced osteosarcoma in the rat to i.v. Adriamycin ther apy was demonstrated by (a) prolongation of life span, (b) reduction in tumor size, and (c) morphological alterations of the neoplasm. Adriamycin was given to groups of osteosarcoma-bearing rats i.v. or i.p. at 2 mg/kg/week for 10 weeks, at 1 mg/kg/week for 10 weeks, and at 1 mg/kg on Monda...

Fish/Radiosensitivity/Colony formation/Mutagens The sensitivities of three goldfish-cell lines to the lethal effects of four carcinogens/mutagens; 4-nitro quinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), 1-methyl-3-nitro-l-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), mitomycin C (MMC) and bleo mycin (BLM), were compared using colony-formation assay. RBCF-1 and CAF-MM1 cells were more sensitive to 4NQO, BLM and UV than were GEM 199 cells...

The advent in high-throughput-sequencing (HTS) technologies has revolutionized conventional biodiversity research by enabling parallel capture of DNA sequences possessing species-level diagnosis. However, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based implementation is biased by the efficiency of primer binding across lineages of organisms. A PCR-free HTS approach will alleviate this artefact and signif...

Ascidian embryos have become an important model for embryological studies, offering a simple example for mechanisms of cytoplasmic components segregation. It is a well-known example that the asymmetric segregation of mitochondria into muscle lineage cells occurs during ascidian embryogenesis. However, it is still unclear which signaling pathway is involved in this process. To obtain molecular m...

We describe a method for light-inducible and tissue-selective cell ablation using a genetically encoded photosensitizer, miniSOG (mini singlet oxygen generator). miniSOG is a newly engineered fluorescent protein of 106 amino acids that generates singlet oxygen in quantum yield upon blue-light illumination. We transgenically expressed mitochondrially targeted miniSOG (mito-miniSOG) in Caenorhabd...

Compatibility between the nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomes is important for organismal health. However, its significance for major evolutionary processes such as speciation is unclear, especially in vertebrates. We previously identified a sharp mtDNA-specific sequence divergence between morphologically indistinguishable chameleon populations (Chamaeleo chamaeleon recticrista) ac...