The world’s rapidly dwindling crude oil supplies, their rising cost and the rapid growing of automobile pollutions from fossil fuels have led to an intensive search for alternative fuels. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance and control the exhaust emissions from two-stroke, single cylinder, spark ignition (SI) engine, with alcohol blended gasoline (80% gasoline and 20% ethano...

weather and climate have considerable influence on the concentration of air pollutants such as particles and gases. the range and concentration of these particles and gases are very dependent on prevailing weather conditions and air currents. this research concentrates on health effects of benzene, one of the air pollutants of tehran, as a major city. the concentration of benzene emission to ai...

Abstract Thermochemical exhaust energy recovery in a modern gasoline direct injection engine is investigated using ethanol-gasoline blend (E25) and gasoline, as base fuel. The primary objectives of this research are focused on reducing carbonaceous emissions well improving thermal efficiency fuel economy combustion engines. These consistent with the global commitment to lessen carbon meet envir...

Compressibility factor and viscosity of natural gasses are of great importance in petroleum and chemical engineering. To calculate the natural gas properties in the pipelines, storage systems and reservoirs, the exact values of gas compressibility factor and viscosity are required. A new method that allows accurate determination of compressibility factor and gas viscosity for all types of: swee...

compressibility factor and viscosity of natural gasses are of great importance in petroleum and chemical engineering. to calculate the natural gas properties in the pipelines, storage systems and reservoirs, the exact values of gas compressibility factor and viscosity are required. a new method that allows accurate determination of compressibility factor and gas viscosity for all types of: swee...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nowadays, are one of the important nanomaterials that can be produce with different methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Growing of CNTs via CVD method can be influenced by several operating parameters that can affect their quality and quantity. In this article, the effects of inlet gas mixture temperature on CNT’s local growth rate, total production, and le...

In this paper, we provide new evidence regarding the pass-through of diesel and gasoline taxes to prices, and how the estimated pass-through depends on a variety of supply conditions including a measure of state residual supply elasticity, and refinery and inventory constraints. In addition, we estimate the response of tax incidence to gasoline content regulations, which complicate the supply c...