Departments considering the move to community oriented policing must collect systematic data to help in their strategic planning deliberations. One method for gathering useful data is through the collection of survey information from officers in the department. The Michigan State University (MSU) School of Criminal Justice, in cooperation with various police departments throughout the state of ...

OBJECTIVE Dual-energy CT (DECT) detects and quantifies monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition with high precision. This DECT study assessed crystal deposition in patients with gout treated with stable-dose allopurinol, and investigated potential clinical determinants for crystal deposition. METHODS Patients with gout treated with allopurinol ≥300 mg daily for at least 3 months were prospec...

Gouty arthritis is caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints. Despite many treatment options for gout, there is a substantial need for alternative treatments for patients unresponsive to current therapies. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have demonstrated therapeutic benefit in experimental models of antibody-dependent arthritis and in rheumatoid arthritis in humans, but ...

Recordings were made from the right primary auditory cortex in 17 adult cats using two eight-electrode arrays. We recorded the neural activity under spontaneous firing conditions and during random, multi-frequency stimulation, at 65 dB SPL, from the same units. Multiple single-unit (MSU) recordings (281) were stationary through 900 s of silence and during 900 s of stimulation. The cross-correlo...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to analyze the cellular expressions of pro-resorptive cytokines in gouty tophus tissues, to determine the capacity of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals to induce these cytokines, and to understand the mechanisms of bone destruction in chronic gout. METHODS Fourteen fixed, paraffin-embedded, uninfected tophus samples were analyzed immunohist...

BACKGROUND The diagnostic golden standard for gout is to detect monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in synovial fluid. While some gout classification criteria include this variable, most gout diagnoses are based on clinical features. This discrepancy between clinical practice and classification criteria can hinder gout epidemiological studies. Here, the objective was to validate gout diagnoses (Int...

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a hectic time for faculty at the higher education and K-12 levels. With many institutions having to switch remote learning, had find tools resources that could be used create virtual educational communities. In this milieu of technology must foster thriving environment facilitate communications. undergraduate Cybersecurity Network Management (CNM) program Murray S...

We showed previously that diploid human fibroblasts that express a transfected HRAS oncogene from the human bladder carcinoma cell line T24 exhibit several characteristics of transformed cells but do not acquire an infinite life-span and are not tumorigenic. To extend these studies of the T24 HRAS in human cells, we have utilized an infinite life-span, but otherwise phenotypically normal, human...

BACKGROUND It is currently unknown whether bone erosion in gout occurs through an 'inside-out' mechanism due to direct intra-osseous crystal deposition or through an 'outside-in' mechanism from the surface of bone. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanism ('outside-in' vs. 'inside-out') of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in bone erosion in gout. Specifically, we used three-d...