Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which catalyze the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. Many pathogenic bacteria encode such enzymes belonging to the α-, β-, and/or γ-CA families. In the last decade, the α-CAs from Neisseria spp. and Helicobacter pylori as well as the β-class enzymes from Escherichia coli, H. pylori,Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucell...

Background: Crataegus mexicana, Hyptis albida, Larrea tridentata, Ocimum baislicum, Prunus serotina, and Smilax spp. are used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases such as flu, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, and other parasitic or microbial infections. Therefore this study was aimed at the pharmacological prospection of these plants against eleven bacte...

background and objectives: mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is consisted of homogenous organisms. they are slowly growing mycobacteria and their isolation and identification are difficult and time consuming. differentiation of mycobacterium bovis, causative mammalian tuberculosis, from other members of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is very important in epidemiology and control of disease...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious which was first identified in Wuhan, China December 2019. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for this ongoing pandemic worldwide. COVID-19 itself has high mortality rate but addition with bacterial co-infection, the risk of death amplifies much higher. The diagnosis along other co-infections can be difficu...

background: mycobacterium bovine, as the etiology of bovine tb, involves human in some cases and with mycobacterium tuberculosis are regarded as global health problems. the aim of this study was to extract and compare protein profile of these strains in order to achieve effective biomarkers for diagnosis and the vaccine components. materials and methods: first, the clinical samples were culture...

Collecting biofilm samples from drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is challenging due to limited access the pipes during regular operations. We report here analysis of microbial communities in and collected sensors installed a DWDS where monochloramine used as residual disinfectant. A total 52 14 bulk were 17 pipe sections representing different ages. Prokaryotic genome copies (bacteri...