This study has used TOMS AI as well as the reanalysis dataset of thirty-four years (1979-2012) to investigate the influence of atmospheric circulation on dust transport during the Harmattan period in West Africa, using Aerosol Index (AI) data, obtained from various satellite sensors. Changes in Inter-Tropical Discontinuity (ITD), Sea Surface Temperature (SST) over the Gulf of Guinea, and North ...

The relationship between winter (DJF) rainfall over Portugal and the variable large scale circulation is addressed. It is shown that the poles of the sea level pressure (SLP) field variability associated with rainfall variability are shifted about 15° northward with respect to those used in standard definitions of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). It is suggested that the influence of NAO o...

The effect of varying Nao and Nai on Ca efflux while maintaining the ratio Nao/Nai constant was explored in squid giant axons dialyzed with and without ATP. In the absence of ATP, the Ca efflux increased 3.4 +/- 0.2-fold when the Nao/Nai concentrations were reduced from 440/80 to 110/20 mM. In the presence of ATP a similar change did not have an appreciable effect. The inhibition of Ca efflux p...

Several studies examine cycle periods and the interactions between three major climate modes over North Atlantic, namely Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), multidecadal oscillation (AMO), (NAO). Here, we use a relatively novel high-resolution Lead–lag (LL) method to identify short time windows with persistent LL relations in series during period from 1947 2020. We find that the...

Indices of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) have been very useful for explaining interannual variability in many ecological time series. We suggest that this is based on a combination of 3 factors: (1) the strong relationship between NAO and meteorological conditions in winter; (2) qualitative changes in environmental conditions in response to winter conditions, especially temperatures; and...

Resealed human red cell ghosts containing caged ATP (Kaplan et al., 1978) and [3H]ADP were irradiated at 340 nm. The photochemical release of free ATP initiated a rapid transphosphorylation reaction (ATP:ADP exchange), a component of which is inhibited by ouabain. The reaction rate was measured by following the rate of appearance of [3H]ATP. The sodium pump-mediated ATP:ADP exchange reaction sh...

Spinach leaves, containing several active components, including flavonoids, exhibit antioxidative, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory properties in biological systems. Spinach extracts have been demonstrated to exert numerous beneficial effects, such as chemo- and central nervous system protection and anticancer and antiaging functions. In this review article, we present a compilation of d...

[1] This study contributes to the discussion on possible effects of El Niño on North Atlantic/European regional climates. We use NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to show how the two different types of El Niños (the central Pacific, or CP, and the east Pacific, or EP) result in remarkably different European winter temperature anomalies, specifically weak warming during EP and significant cooling during...

Climate variability can affect population dynamics via adult survival or via offspring production and recruitment. The relative importance of both processes is still an unresolved matter, especially in long-lived species, where the time lags between the climate signal and the population response differ greatly depending on the process involved. We address the issue using 378 time series from 29...