With the draft-legal rule recently introduced to junior triathlon competition, it has become difficult to assess cycling performance through race results. Therefore, this study assessed the cycling power profile characteristics of national level junior triathletes to assist with physical assessment and program design. Thirteen male (17.0 ± 1.0 yr) and eleven female (17.2 ± 1.3 yr) national leve...

Impressive progress has been made in global surgery in the past 10 years, and now serious and evidence-based national strategies are being developed for scaling-up surgical services in sub-Saharan Africa. Key to achieving this goal requires developing a realistic country-based estimate of burden of surgical disease, developing an accurate estimate of existing need, deve...

Freight transport plays a fundamental role in the economy of every country. The performance of the European transport sector has been in line with the expanding economy. From 1995 to 2004 total European freight transport in the 25 Member States examined grew from 2,967,000 to 3,804,000 million tkm (+28 %). Considering only inland transport, it appears that the considerable growth was almost ent...

Intake of dietary supplements is widespread among athletes in developed countries. This study evaluated the use of dietary supplements in athletes from a developing country. Dietary supplementation practices of 113 national-level athletes age 15-35 yr in Sri Lanka were assessed. All athletes from track-and-field, badminton, football, swimming, cycling, and karate squads who consented to partici...

80% of the world's undernourished children live in just 20 countries. Intensified nutrition action in these countries can lead to achievement of the first Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and greatly increase the chances of achieving goals for child and maternal mortality (MDGs 4 and 5). Despite isolated successes in specific countries or for interventions--eg, iodised salt and vitamin A suppl...

Investing in nutrition requires conducive political, economic, technological, and social environments, all which are determined by economic, moral, and ethical considerations. Investing in nutrition not only yields economic returns, but should be considered as a human right. The author presents an African perspective at the national level, using Tanzania as an example of ways in which the imp...

System-level virtualization is today enjoying a rebirth, after first gaining popularity in the 1970s as a technique to effectively share what were then considered large computing resources to subsequently fade from the spotlight as individual workstations gained in popularity with a “one machine – one user” approach. One reason for this resurgence is that the simple workstation has grown in cap...

Eastern hemlock is in decline in many parts of its range in the eastern United States due primarily to infestation by the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). In Shenandoah National Park, HWA rapidly killed many hemlock stands after first appearing in 1989. While the severity of hemlock decline in Shenandoah National Park may preclude saving the hemlock forest component, an examination of the progress...

BACKGROUND Little is known about injury risk or the pattern of injuries among competitive snowboarders. PURPOSE To describe the incidence and pattern of injuries among female and male snowboard athletes at the highest national level. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS This study consists of 2 parts: prospective registration of injuries at snowboarding national cup events...