This paper investigates expertise development in design – product (industrial) design in particular. The research concentrates on the modelling of design expertise. The research stands on the premise that knowledge — domain-specific knowledge in particular — plays a significant role in distinguishing a novice from an expert. The knowledge identification is based on the analysis of designers' vi...

The purpose of this study was to determine visual behavior and motor responses between experienced and novice wheelchair tennis players relative to the return in tennis. Novice (n = 7) and Experienced (n = 5) wheelchair tennis players took part in the study. Two series of serves performed to the forehand and the backhand sides were examined in both groups. One series was performed in a video-ba...

Studies have demonstrated that humans appear to apply norms of humanhuman interaction to their interaction with machines. Yet, there exist subtle differences in peoples’ perceptions of automated aids compared to humans. We examined factors differentiating human-human and human-automation interaction, wherein participants (n = 180) performed a luggage-screening task with the assistance of human ...

Text entry rates are explored for several variations of soft keyboards. We present a model to predict novice and expert entry rates and present an empirical test with 24 subjects. Six keyboards were examined: the Qwerty, ABC, Dvorak, Fitaly, JustType, and telephone. At 8± 10 wpm, novice predictions are low for all layouts because the dominant factor is the visual scan time, rather than the move...

Recent research has established the potential for virtual characters to act as virtual standardized patients VP for the assessment and training of novice clinicians. We hypothesize that the responses of a VP simulating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in an adolescent female could elicit a number of diagnostic mental health specific questions (from novice clinicians) that are necessary for...

Deciding what to teach novice programmers about programming and, in particular, which programming language to teach to novice programmers, and how to teach it, is a common topic for debate within universities. Should an industry relevant programming language be taught, or should a language designed for teaching novices be used? In order to design tools and methodologies for the teaching of novi...

Chess is a strategic game in which players recognize the threats to their pieces and their opponents' pieces at any given time. Players also evaluate the affect each move will have on the balance of power in the game. Novice players often fail to detect threatened pieces of either color. They also find prediction difficult and frequently neglect to think ahead about the negative ramifications o...

Does manipulating the time available to image executing a sensorimotor skill impact subsequent skill execution outcomes in a similar manner as manipulating execution time itself? Novice and skilled golfers performed a series of imaged golf putts followed by a series of actual golf putts under instructions that emphasized either speeded or nonspeeded imaging/putting execution. Novices putted les...

INTRODUCTION Older drivers and young novice drivers have problems negotiating road junctions. Explanations for problems largely focus on limitations in visual information processing and observation errors associated with age and experience. METHOD Gaze transitions provide information on the positional relationship of fixations, providing a useful tool for highlighting gaps in driver's visual ...

Graphic User Interface (GUI) is commonly considered to be superior to Text-based User Interface (TUI). This study compares GUI and TUI in an electronic dental record system. Several usability analysis techniques compared the relative effectiveness of a GUI and a TUI. Expert users and novice users were evaluated in time required and steps needed to complete the task. A within-subject design was ...