the treatment of in completely formed pulpless teeth has presented considrable problems. these teeth have wide open apexes and the walls of the root canal diverge toward the apical tissues. mechanical preparation cannot be done in the normal manner beacause of the large initial size and the taper of apical part of the canal , a mechanical stop cannot be produced at the apex of the canal and , t...

this study was intended to analyze the listening tapescripts of the elementary and pre-intermediate levels of total english textbooks from the pragmatic dimension of language functions and speech acts in order to see whether the listening tasks are pragmatically informative or not. for this purpose, 8 conversations from the two books were selected randomly, and then, the two pragmatic models of...

cultural iran is a scope that is more extended than the political territories of iran as a political unit. this concept means that cultural geography(mehdi moghanlo-1383-1) of iran is greater than its political geography which, according to history, has a long history extending west-east from kandahar to the euphrates and north-south from the persian gulf to the caucasus including transoxiana a...

معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل در مدل بندی مسائلی کاربردی چون انتقال گرما، پدیده انتشار و پخش نوترون مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند و نیز در برخی کاربردهای فیزیک و زیست شناسی و مهندسی استفاده وافر دارند و به تبع آن معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل فازی نیز مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. معادله انتگرال دیفرانسیل غیر خطی زیر را در نظر می گیریم. در صورتی که توابع معلوم a(t)و k(t,s,x(t)) و f(t,x(t)) توابعی ف...

abstract the current study set out to address the issue as to whether the implementation of portfolio assessment would give rise to iranian pre-intermediate efl learner autonomy. participants comprised 60 female in pre-intermediate level within the age range of 16-28.they were selected from among 90 language learners based on their scores on language proficiency test -key english test. then, t...

abstract part one: the electrode oxidation potentials of a series of eighteen n-hydroxy compounds in aqueous solution were calculated based on a proper thermodynamic cycle. the dft method at the level of b3lyp-6-31g(d,p) was used to calculate the gas-phase free energy differences ,and the polarizable continuum model (pcm) was applied to describe the solvent and its interaction with n-hydroxy ...

heteropoly acids (hpa) and their salts have advantages as catalysts which make them both economically and environmentally attractive, strong br?nsted acidity, exhibiting fast reversible multi-electron redox transformations under rather mild conditions, very high solubility in polar solvents, fairly high thermal stability in the solid states, and efficient oxidizing ability, so that they are imp...