Various agriculture management practices may have distinct influences on soil microbial communities and their ecological functions. In this study, we utilized GeoChip, a high-throughput microarray-based technique containing approximately 28,000 probes for genes involved in nitrogen (N)/carbon (C)/sulfur (S)/phosphorus (P) cycles and other processes, to evaluate the potential functions of soil m...

Both organic and conventional farming processes require energy input in the form of diesel fuel for farming equipment, animal feed, and fertilizer compounds. The most significant difference between the two methods is the use in conventional farming of mineral fertilizers and pesticides that are minimally employed in organic management. It is argued that organic farming is more environmentally f...

Observing changes in soil organic matter (SOM) is a fundamental part of defining the carbon cycle in natural and cultivated environments. However, relying on changes in the mass of soil C over short periods often produces conflicting results because of errors associated with sampling and analysis. In addition, C mass balance studies provide little interpretation of processes or turnover of spec...

Soil quality is an evolving concept intended to aid farmers, land managers, researchers, public decisionmakers, and others in the management of soil resources. The central question of soil quality assessment is “how does a soil function?” and a variety of physical, chemical, and biological indicators can be used to address it. This question, however, is complicated by the interdependencies betw...

The present study attempts to investigate the potential relationship between input energies, performance production of greenhouse basil, and greenhouse gases emitted from this product. The data were collected from 24 greenhouses using a questionnaire and verbal interaction with farmers. Results of the study showed that the total input energy and total output energy for basil production were 119...

In spite of interesting features as flexibility, organic thin-film transistors have commercially lagged behind due to the low mobilities of organic semiconductors associated with hopping transport. Furthermore, organic transistors usually have much larger channel lengths than their inorganic counterparts since high-resolution structuring is not available in low-cost production schemes. Here, we...

determined from the downward vertical flux of pheopigments. Improved extraction of chlorophyll a and b from algae using dimethylsulfoxide. Limnol. zooplankton reproduction: Implications for diel vertical migration theory. Abstract-We report the first seasonal time-series observations of porewater composition obtained for deep-sea sediments. We observed considerable temporal variability of O,, N...

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) can react in the atmosphere to form organic nitrates, which serve as NOx (NO + NO2) reservoirs, impacting ozone and secondary organic aerosol production, the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, and nitrogen availability to ecosystems. To examine the contributions of biogenic emissions and the formation and fate of organic nitrates in a forest enviro...