Spatial variability of soil fluoride in the plough layer 0~20cm of paddy soil from Hang-Jia-Hu Plain of Zhejiang Province in China was studied using geostatistical analysis and GIS technique. The results of Semivariograms analysis showed that two forms of soil fluoride were correlated in a given spatial range, and total fluoride (T-F) was controlled by intrinsic factors of parent material, reli...

Sensitive responses among bacterial and fungal communities to pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) (biochar) addition in rhizosphere and bulk soils are poorly understood. We conducted a pot experiment with manure and straw PyOMs added to an acidic paddy soil, and identified the sensitive "responders" whose relative abundance was significantly increased/decreased among the whole microbial community f...

Dynamic monitoring of the spatial pattern of winter continuously flooded paddies (WFP) at regional scales is a challenging but highly necessary process in analyzing trace greenhouse gas emissions, water resource management, and food security. The present study was carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of extracting the spatial distribution of WFP through time series imagery of volumetric s...

The increase in the biofuel production has generated a lot of byproducts. These are rich in various plant nutrients. The laboratory incubation can provide an idea of their effects on soil and environment, and fertilizer applicability before field application. In the present study, two types of biogas byproducts were selected as biochar and digested liquid. Two concentrations of each was applied...

To assess soil arsenic (As, in the form of arsenate) toxicity to plants, 6-d root elongation tests on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were conducted in six Chinese soils freshly spiked with As. Plants were treated with 7 or 10 levels of As to establish concentration-effect curves. Median effective concentration and 10% effective concentration values were derived with r...

iron is an essential nutrients in rice. accurate assessment of this element in paddy soils is very important. improving fertility management, accurate interpolation, being aware of spatial variability and patterns of distribution of micronutrients are the most important factors in soil management and accurate consumption of fertilizers. this study was done for investigating of available iron, d...

Part (I) of this study presented field and laboratory experimental data on soil characteristics and hydraulic parameters that are related to water infiltration in rice paddy fields. Part (II) includes a series of numerical simulations that are based on the in situ data, which three-dimensional finite element computer model for simulating density dependent flow and transport (FEMWATER) produced ...

The differences in rhizosphere nitrification activities between high- and low- fertility soils appear to be related to differences in dissolved oxygen concentrations in the soil, implying a relationship to differences in the radial oxygen loss (ROL) of rice roots in these soils. A miniaturised Clark-type oxygen microelectrode system was used to determine rice root ROL and the rhizosphere oxygen...

Using the methods of soil analysis and geostatistics combined with GIS, this paper determined and mapped the spatial distribution of soil DTPA-extractable copper (Cu) in cultivated fields of Shenyang suburbs of China, aimed to assess the roles of industries and agricultural managements in affecting the spatial heterogeneity of soil Cu in this region. The results showed that the soil DTPA-extrac...