Ectopic parathyroid adenomas can be a cause of recurrent and refractory hyperparathyroidism. Majority are located in the neck region, however very few cases they within mediastinum. In such excision via cervical approach is not possible it becomes diagnostic as well surgical challenge. Excision thoracoscopic preferred this regard. Here we represent case ectopic adenoma embedded thymus gland whi...

BACKGROUND Direct aspiration from suspected pathological tissue and rapid parathyroid hormone analysis may offer a reliable, cost effective alternative to currently used "gold standard" tests. OBJECTIVES To validate the accuracy of intraoperative measurements of parathyroid hormone levels in parathyroid adenomas. METHODS A prospective study included 22 patients diagnosed with primary hyperp...

ABSTRACT: Objective: There is growing evidence that Vitamin D has important role in glucose metabolism. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone were not fully investigated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of our study was to investigate the effects vitamin D, calcitonin (Cal) parathormone GDM. Material Methods: We evaluated retrospectively demographic anthropometric parameters, active le...

Receptors for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) are members of a family of G protein-coupled receptors ("Family B") that respond to a variety of structurally dissimilar releasing factors, neuropeptides, and hormones (including secretin, growth hormone-releasing factor, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) ...

The class B family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulates essential physiological functions such as exocrine and endocrine secretions, feeding behaviour, metabolism, growth, and neuro- and immuno-modulations. These receptors are activated by endogenous peptide hormones including secretin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, corticotropin-releasing factor and parathyroid hormone. ...

Nine uraemic patients not being treated by dialysis received intravenous propranolol 1 microgram/kg/min for 85 minutes after a priming dose of 1 mg. Fifteen days later, six of them received intravenous metoprolol 1.2 microgram/kg/min after a priming dose of 1.2 mg. Plasma concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin fell significantly after propranolol but not after metoprolol, wh...

Parathyromatosis, in which several nodules of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue form in the neck and mediastinum, is a rare cause of recurrent hyperparathyroidism. However, there are some theories regarding the origin of parathyromatosis, and seeding after rupture of the parathyroid gland capsule during surgical removal of a parathyroid lesions is the most regarded one. Herein, we report a 41...

Lipoadenoma of parathyroid gland is an unusual morphologic variant of parathyroid adenoma in which the glandular elements are associated with abundant mature adipose tissue. The lesion has also been reported as parathyroid lipohyperplasia, parathyroid hamartoma, and parathyroid adenoma with myxoid stroma. Most cases are functioning and are associated with hyperparathyroidism. Lipoadenoma of par...

Phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is under control of several endocrine factors that play effects on bone, kidney and intestine. The control of Pi homeostasis has a significant biological importance, as it relates to numerous cellular mechanisms involved in energy metabolism, cell signaling, nucleic acid synthesis, membrane function, as well as skeletal health and integrity. Pi is essential for divers...

We have investigated the effects of hormones and serum on glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, using cultured rat chondrocytes isolated from growing cartilage. Somatomedin A stimulated GAG synthesis at a physiological concentration, however in the case of insulin the dose required to stimulate GAG synthesis was 500 times as great as the physiological concentration. Parathyroid hormone also increa...