Place of death is at times suggested as an outcome for palliative care services. This study aimed to describe longitudinal preferences for place of care and place of death over time for patients and their caregivers. Longitudinal paired data of patient/caregiver dyads from a prospective unblinded cluster randomised control trial were used. Patients and caregivers were separately asked by the pa...

Downward phase of dose-response morphine converted U shape curve was chosen as a base for investigating the effects of different doses of naloxone (0.05-0.4 mg/Kg) on morphine reward/aversion properties using place preference method. First, male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were received morphine (1-7.5 mg/Kg) for place conditioning and marginal dose of morphine (5 mg/Kg) calculated by GraphPad soft...

Although D1 receptor knockout mice demonstrate normal morphine place preferences, antagonism of basolateral amygdala (BLA) D1 receptors only during drug-naive rat conditioning has been reported to inhibit the expression of a morphine place preference. One possible explanation for this result is state-dependent learning. That is, the omission of the intra-BLA infusion cue during testing - which ...

Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that rats display a preference for directional responding over place navigation in a wide range of procedural variants of the Morris water task (Hamilton, Akers, Weisend, & Sutherland, 2007; Hamilton et al., 2008). A preference for place navigation has only been observed when the pool is reduced as a cue by filling it with water. Studies using ...

Glycyl-glutamine (Gly-Gln; beta-endorphin(30-31)) is an endogenous dipeptide synthesized from beta-endorphin(1-31). Previous investigations have shown that Gly-Gln inhibits the cardiovascular and respiratory depression caused by morphine and beta-endorphin(1-31), but it does not interfere with opioid analgesia. In this study, we tested whether Gly-Gln administration would influence morphine-ind...