iran is a developing country in which the women despite the growth of rate of education in two recent decades have suffered a vast gender gap in education, during the past one hundred years. the aim of this paper was to present a portrait of educational position of women in iran, during the past one hundred years and to analyze the obstacles of females in to achieve to equal educational opportu...

iran is a developing country in which the women despite the growth of rate of education in two recent decades have suffered a vast gender gap in education, during the past one hundred years. the aim of this paper was to present a portrait of educational position of women in iran, during the past one hundred years and to analyze the obstacles of females in to achieve to equal educational opportu...

In the K-12 social studies classroom, the goal is to create the well-informed citizenry that is essential to a functioning democracy. Preparing students for a lifetime of active citizenship is a complex undertaking, one that demands that students be given opportunities to integrate classroom learning with experiential learning in the larger world where political debate and decision making occur...

Inequity and power imbalances, adverse employment conditions and the lack of economic opportunities or control over assets are all manifestations of peoples' disempowerment and contribute to their poverty. This Policy Guidance Note considers the causal relationship between empowerment and pro-poor growth. It identifies eight domains of empowerment within three spheres: the economic (markets, de...

The Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a domain repository with a 50-year track record of archiving social and behavioural science data, applied for—and acquired—the Data Seal of Approval (DSA) in 2010. DSA is a non-intrusive, straightforward approach to assessing organizational, technical, and operational infrastructure, and signifies a basic level of accred...

In this paper I develop the idea of institutional conflict carried out in proxy by organizations representing the institutions. In the organizational proxy battles studied here, social movement organizations attempt to simultaneously delegitimize the targeted corporation as well as the institution which it is taken to represent. I further our understanding of institutional change by identifying...

There are many reasons for the health inequities that we see around the world today. Public policy and the way society organises its affairs affects the economic, social and physical factors that influence the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age - the social determinants of health. Tackling health inequities is a political issue that requires leadership, political cour...

political participation is considered to be one of the major indicators of development. women as a part of the human capitals of every society can play a determinant role in running the country with their political participation. the purpose of the research is to examine some of the factors affecting the rate of political participation of women in the society. research method in the investigati...

abstract the main objective in this article is to study the issue of development and lasting competitiveness and to study its dimensions and also to acquainted with its related components and how to achieve it. in fact, to get acquainted with competitiveness is as a development that would prevent imposition of cultural, economical, and social and/or environment damages on future generations. in...