Medium-term modeling of electricity market has essential role in generation expansion planning. On the other hand, uncertainties strongly affect modeling and consequently, strategic analysis of generation firms in the medium term. Therefore, models considering these uncertainties are highly required. Among uncertain variables considered in the medium term generation planning, demand and hyd...

In this paper we analyze a simple model of adaptive competition which captures essential features of a variety of adaptive competitive systems in the social and biological sciences. In this model, each of N agents, at each time step of a game, joins one of two groups. The agents in the minority group are awarded a point, while the agents in the majority group get nothing. Each agent has a fixed...

Restructuring in the power industry is followed by splitting different parts and creating a competition between purchasing and selling sections. As a consequence, through an active participation in the energy market, the service provider companies and large consumers create a context for overcoming the problems resulted from lack of demand side participation in the market. The most prominent ch...

The market distribution function is a probabilistic device that can be used to model the randomness in dispatch and clearing price that generators in electricity pool markets must take account of when submitting offers. We discuss techniques for estimating the market distribution function, and ways of measuring the quality of these estimators, using both classical statistical approaches and an ...

• Its geographical market definition accounts only for a factor that is no longer relevant and for none of the factors that matter in a competitive market. • Its use of uncommitted-shares registers more market power when the market itself is more competitive and less market power when it is less competitive. Thus it often reads in reverse the impact of the market on the applicant. • It takes no...

In fact, Gartner projected global revenue for cloud computing to reach almost $150 billion by 2014. However, The 2011 market is already approx $68 billion globally. With increase in web technologies and Internet, a proportional increase in Cloud computing technologies has been cited. Cloud computing has been emerging as a flexible and powerful computational architecture to offer ubiquitous serv...

Distributed computing environments place more computer power in the hands of the end-user, and often demand increased technical support. In response, organizations may choose to move technical support personnel close to end-users. This can isolate them from each other, and may limit their ability to share knowledge. Thus, the growth of distributed computing calls for increased ability to share ...

date is as one of the important items of the agricultural production in iran as iran's share of global production was 14.1% in 2012 and rank of production increased to second in the world too. in recent years, price uncertainty in date market has increased due to changes in government policies on date prices pattern, from a guaranteed buying pattern to negotiated price pattern. according to the...

in order to improve the reliability of the power system, sufficient amount of new capacity should be installed in the network. usually generation units’ payoff in an energy market is not adequate to cover their expenses. therefore, energy only market cannot induce investors to invest in generation field. due to energy only market inefficiency, a supplementary algorithm is suggested to cover the...