Revised edition 30 April 2015 Introduction The organisations commissioning health services in England changed radically in April 2013. Clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) are now responsible for the majority of the NHS budget, controlling around £69 billion in 2015/16. Public health budgets of £2.8 billion have transferred to local authorities (although this figure does not take into account t...

We analyze how different budgetary rules affect the stability of an economy in a basic endogenous growth model with public debt and a state-dependent consumption tax rate. We show that a discretionary policy implies that the government violates its inter-temporal budget constraint along a balanced growth path, whereas a balanced budget rule guarantees that the economy is stable. A rule based de...

This article seeks to analyze the allocation of federal government discretionary spending among Brazil’s states. In Brazil, the bulk of federal public budget must be compulsorily executed. Personnel expenditures and social taxes, social security benefits and a series of constitutionally mandatory transfers to states and municipalities are examples of expenditures over which the government has n...

This paper describes an application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to enhance interactive budgeting in one of the biggest public university hospitals in Italy. AHP improved budget allocation facilitating elicitation and formalisation of units' needs. Furthermore, AHP facilitated vertical communication among managers and stakeholders, as it allowed multilevel hierarchical representation of ...

The Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory has become a fundamental tool in modeling the metabolic behaviour of organisms. Its capacity to describe the biological aspect of life alone justifies its applicability in Artificial Life. Aware of this potential, the DEB research group in Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) in Lisbon has joined the videogame company Biodroid Entertainment in the Life Engine ...

monthly and annual water and phosphorus mass budgets were set up over the year 2010 for thelake rio verde, brazil. limited data for the water budget was compensated using an interpolation methodwith data water budget data of a nearby reservoir. thus, errors of ca. 1.5% were estimated for the waterbudgets. dominant p mass input terms were inflows from the rivers and direct run off into the reser...

Governments in developing countries usually fail to generate innovative solutions to public policy issues or they are not even conscious of the high potential they have if they could open their problems for innovative solutions. Innovation at the public level is limited because of organizational and cultural reasons, mainly because government officials do not have the right incentives to do so....

After nearly a quarter century of large budget deficits—causing the public debt to double from 20 percent to 42 percent as a share of GDP in the industrialized countries—the need for greater fiscal discipline appears to be reaching a consensus. Last spring a balanced budget amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed in the House of Representatives and came close to passing in the Senate—a swing ...

This paper describes our effort to spread “function/value approach” in a prototype of Italian Public Administration, where VA/VE are unknown, and where we are going to structure decision processes. Actually, our Decision Support System (DSS) based on “value approach” is going to guide Public Administrations in decisions about mobility problems. It is not only a cost reduction tool, but a value ...