this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental l-arginine (arg) in reduced-protein diets on cardiopulmonary performance and intestinal morphology in the broilers reared at high altitude. a total of 156 day-old male broilers were randomly assigned to 3 treatments and 4 replicates of 13 chicks and reared up to 42 days of age. treatment groups were designed as a normal-prote...

the relationship between congenital heart disease (chd) and growth retardation is well documented. we investigated the growth condition of iranian children with several types of congenital heart disease (chd) and compared it with worldwide researches. growth condition was investigated in 469 patients with important chd aged from 1 month to 18 years. the patients were divided into two groups; in...

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is associated with a chronic inflammatory response in airways and lung parenchyma that results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. cigarette smoking considered as an important risk factor plays a role in pathogenesis of disease. pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical opportunistic fungus that causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed host, al...

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) as a chronic disease could lead to micro- and macrovascular disorder. Also, some evidence demonstrated that pulmonary involvement is more frequent in DM patients than the healthy population. Hence, we tried to perform a systematic search to considering pulmonary disease among the DM patients. Articles were identified through searching databases including PubMed, Google Sc...

introduction tetralogy of fallot (tof) in the absent of pulmonary valve is a rare congenital anomaly (3%of tof patients). case presentation we are presenting an 18- year-old male with history of dyspnea on exertion and cyanosis since childhood. despite the diagnosis of congenital heart disease, no intervention was done due to his poor socioeconomic culture. at age of 18, he referred to our cent...

background and objective: the aim of this study was to analyze our indications, surgical procedures, and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing reoperation after surgical correction of tetralogy of fallot (tof). methods: thirty seven consecutive patients who underwent reoperation late after intra-cardiac repair of tof within a period of 10 years were assessed. results: the most common indicat...