access to the right to the highest attainable level of health is a constitutional right that obliges governments and other players to take step to increase all individuals' chances of obtaining good health. at the least, health and education are two crucial requirements for this as well. iran's vision 2025 is going to lead the country to a developed state with the highest rank of economic, scie...

We developed a four-dimensional volumetric modulated arc therapy (4D VMAT) planning technique for moving targets using a direct aperture deformation (DAD) method and investigated its feasibility for clinical use. A 3D VMAT plan was generated on a reference phase of a 4D CT dataset. The plan was composed of a set of control points including the beam angle, MLC apertures and weights. To generate ...

The aerodynamic behavior of a 48’ yacht rig 3D scale model was characterized by means of wind tunnel tests. The experimental program, performed in the Politecnico di Milano Twisted Flow Wind Tunnel, allowed the aerodynamic forces to be characterized using forced motion tests and the aeroelastic behavior of the sail plan to be studied. Preliminary results are presented with reference to the typi...

In this paper we outline a model for plan recognition in advice-giving settings which incorporates user modeling techniques and we show how to extend it to allow a wider range of user feedback than in previous plan recognition models. In particular, we discuss how this model allows for clariication dialogues both in cases where there are faults in a user's plan and in cases where alternate deco...

This paper presents an improved method for simulating and modifying the beating effect in piano tones. The beating effect is an audible phenomenon, which is characteristic to the piano, and, hence, it should be accounted for in realistic piano synthesis. The proposed method, which is independent of the synthesis technique, contains a cascade of second-order equalizing filters, where each filter...

The Northwest Forest Plan was implemented in 1994 to protect habitat for species associated with old-growth forests, including Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentailis caurina) in Washington, Oregon, and northern California (U.S.A.). Nevertheless, 10-year monitoring data indicate mixed success in meeting the ecological goals of the plan. We used the ecosystem management decision-support model...

In Denmark, the first Action Plan for the Aquatic Environment (I) was introduced in 1987. The target was a 50% reduction in nitrogen emissions to the aquatic environment by 1993. Measures were directed towards the individual farmer and included the establishment of slurry tanks with 9 month storage capacity and obligations to grow winter crops on 65% of the area. In the early 1990s, it was obvi...

This article summarizes the report on the earnings sharing implementation study mandated by the Social Security Amendments of 1983. In general, earnings sharing means that a married couple would share equally any earnings credited for social security purposes during years of their marriage. The principles of earnings sharing can be meshed with present law in a variety of ways. A range of earnin...