Rectal perforation is uncommon in ovarian cancer, even in advanced stages. Pure primary ovarian squamous cell carcinoma is a very rare subtype of ovarian cancer and has not been reported to cause rectal perforation. A 50-year-old woman presented with rectal bleeding. Rectosigmoidoscopy suggested perforation of a pelvic tumor into the rectum. Abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a ...

Esophagogastric varices are considered to be the most common complication in patients with portal hypertension, while ectopic varices, that is, those outside of the esophagogastric region, are less common. Rectal varices represent portal systemic collaterals that are manifested as discrete dilated submucosal veins and constitute a pathway for portal venous flow between the superior rectal veins...

Prompt antibiotic treatment for infants with sepsis has the potential to save lives. A rectal formulation of an antibiotic could be used at a village level before referral to hospital. The development of such a preparation needs to take into account the rectal pH of infants that will affect drug partitioning and absorption. Rectal pH measurements were taken in 100 well and 45 unwell infants. We...

BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) who have a current or recent history of rectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) infection are at greater risk for HIV than MSM with no history of rectal infection. Screening and treating MSM for rectal CT/GC infection may help reduce any increased biological susceptibility to HIV infection. METHODS We used 2 versions of a Mar...

PURPOSE Hydrogel prostate-rectum spacers, biomaterials placed between the prostate and rectum, continue to gain interest as a method to reduce or limit rectal dose during dose escalated prostate cancer radiation therapy. Because the spacer is initially injected into the perirectal space as a liquid, the final distribution can vary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hydrogel spacer (Spac...

Water molecular diffusion in vivo tissue is much more complicated. We aimed to compare non-Gaussian diffusion models of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) including intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM), stretched-exponential model (SEM) and Gaussian diffusion model at 3.0 T MRI in patients with rectal cancer, and to determine the optimal model for investigating the water diffusion properties and ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS In patients with neuroendocrine tumors, excessive production of serotonin and other amines may cause the carcinoid syndrome,which is mainly characterized by diarrhea and flushing. Little is known about the pathophysiology of carcinoid diarrhea. In severalother groups of patients, diarrhea may be associated with rectal hypersensitivity and increased rectal tone. Therefore, the ai...

Rectal varices are considered to occur infrequent, however, potentially serious cause of hematochezia. Various treatments have been performed to control bleeding rectal varices. Some investigators have reported that endoscopic treatments such as endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) were successfully employed for rectal variceal bleeding. EIS may be superio...

Visceral pain processing is abnormal in a majority of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Aberrant endogenous nociceptive modulation and anticipation are possible underlying mechanisms investigated in the current study. Twelve IBS patients and 12 matched healthy controls underwent brain fMRI scanning during the following randomised stimuli: sham and painful rectal distensions by barostat w...

BACKGROUND Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is a newly developed, minimally invasive technique for the local resection of rectal tumours. Its place needs to be defined. METHODS Literature review. RESULTS Local excision of rectal tumours is associated with low mortality and morbidity. It is indicated in adenomas for curation and in rectal cancer for palliation. Transanal resection is ...