results twelve original studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. the current literature suggests that the learning curve of robotic rectal surgery varies between 15 and 44 cases and is probably shorter to that of laparoscopic rectal surgery. conclusions there are only a few studies assessing the learning curve of robotic rectal surgery and they possess several differences in methodology and ou...

background: in order to improve the evaluation of possible rectal toxicity based on the rectal normal tissue complication probability (ntcp), we consider the fractional dependence of the ntcp on the wall thickness (tw) and rectal displacement (rm). materials and methods: the two-dimensional ntcp model (ntcp2d) was developed using radiotherapy plans of ten randomly selected patients with prostat...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in patients with operable stage ii and iii rectal cancers within one or two months after surgery, who has been treated pre-operatively with short course radiotherapy. twenty-eight patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, consecutively referred to the cancer institute of imam khomeini hospital from march 2009 to march 2010, were selec...

bowel stent insertion has a variety of complications one major of which is colonic perforation. the purpose of this article is to reveal two cases with delayed colonic perforation after stent placement to relieve bowel obstruction caused by rectal cancer. the first patient was a 55 year-old man who was a candidate for stent placement to avoid palliative surgery and relieve his bowel obstruction...

Background: In order to improve the evaluation of possible rectal toxicity based on the rectal normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), we consider the fractional dependence of the NTCP on the wall thickness (tW) and rectal displacement (RM). Materials and Methods: The two-dimensional NTCP model (NTCP2D) was developed using radiotherapy plans of ten randomly selected patients with prostat...

conclusions evaluation of iranian traditional dosage forms like vaginal and rectal types could be an attractive topic of research and the current study can briefly represent the iranian traditional pharmaceutical knowledge on vaginal and rectal drug delivery. objectives the aim of this study is the investigation about iranian traditional pharmaceutical dosage forms of vaginal and rectal medicat...

in recent years, tuberculosis has had a significant rise, caused mainly by the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the anorectal tuberculosis is a very rare presentation. herein, we presented a 67-year-old man who has had renal transplantation and presented with hematochezia and painful defecation since 6 months before. biopsy was taken from the lower rectal ulcerated lesion. histop...

Middle rectal artery is one of the important arteries supplying the rectum, along with the superior and inferior rectal arteries. Study of middle rectal artery was undertaken as it is important in surgeries of rectal carcinoma. .For the present study 40 pelvises were procured from the department of Anatomy of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune.Variations were found in the origin of middle re...

background: in intracavitary brachytherapy for gynecological cancers, various techniques are used to locate the anterior rectal wall nearest to the sources but there is no consensus on the best method to do so. this study aimed to compare a technique used routinely in some centers that employs a wire marker to locate the position of the maximum rectal dose point, versus the method recommended b...

objective: to detect whether the preoperative combined administration of rectal diclofenac and paracetamol is superior to placebo or rectal diclofenac alone for pain after abdominal hysterectomy. materials and methods: ninety female patients (american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i-ii), scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy were recruited to this double blind trial and were...