purpose: to determine the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors and its determinants in tehran in 2002. methods: a total of 6497 citizens representing a cross-section of the population of tehran were sampled using a stratified random cluster sampling strategy. of these, 4565 (70.3%) subjects participated in the study and were transferred to a clinic for an extensive eye examination and in...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment and its causes among those aged 50 years and above in Karnali Zone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stratified cluster sampling method was used. Twenty four clusters of 50 people aged 50 years and above were selected for the study. Visual acuity was recorded with simplified vision testing card with one optotype "E" of size 60 on on...

PURPOSE: To better define the effect of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on myopic eyes and the risk and incidence of retinal complications after surgery.METHODS: In a prospective study, 200 eyes of 100 patients, 49 male and 51 female, with a mean age of 29.7 years, had a complete posterior pole examination before and at 1 week, 1, 3 and 12 months after bilateral simultaneous LASIK for the ...

purpose: to assess the results of combined penetrating keratoplasty and cataract extraction by extracapsular extraction versus phacoemulsification and to compare outcomes and complications. methods: in this interventional retrospective study, 76 eyes that had undergone triple surgery were included. cataract surgery was done in two different methods of extracapsular extraction and phacoemulsific...

PURPOSE To develop a minimum set of analyses and a format for presentation of outcomes of astigmatism correction by laser systems that reshape the cornea. METHODS An Astigmatism Project group was created under the auspices of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z80.11 Working Group on Laser Systems for Corneal Reshaping. The Astigmatism Project Group was made up of experts in ast...

PURPOSE To evaluate the error in the estimation of axial length (AL) with the IOLMaster partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer and obtain a correction factor that varies as a function of AL and crystalline lens thickness (LT). METHODS Optical simulations were produced for theoretical eyes using Zemax-EE software. Thirty-three combinations including eleven different AL (from 20mm to 3...

purpose: to evaluate the visual outcomes of cross-cylinder ablation in laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) for eyes with high astigmatic refractive errors and low spherical component. methods: we prospectively evaluated cross cylinder lasik in patients with high astigmatic refractive error but low spherical component over a period of 2 years. all procedures were performed with the nidek ec-500...