This paper studies a contract design problem in a setting where time clauses are important. A principal hires an agent to complete a project within a …xed time horizon and prefers to have the project done as early as possible. The agent whose e¤ort is not contractible has a tendency to shirk and to delay exerting e¤ort. We show that in the principal’s optimal contract, deadlines and payment sch...

The current experimental techniques may be inadequate to provide unambiguous positive signals as the limits on direct searches for dark matter improve. Thus, convincing evidence for dark matter particles may be possible only by detecting the direction of the incoming particles in the presence of background. We present in this article an experimental method to determine the direction and sense (...

Background: Based on the radiation biology model of prostate cancer, hypofractionated radiotherapy can improve the treatment outcomes without increasing toxicity. Although hypofractionated radiotherapy is implemented over a short period of time, it is more convenient and cheaper compared with conventional fractionated treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the early toxicity of mod...

The connection between architecture and science and sound based on mathematical relations has continued to develop[ since the rise of the Western classical civilization that originated in Ancient Greece. The mysterious Pythagorean cosmology pursued as secret esoteric knowledge was related to the search of rhythm, proportionality and harmony. Even somewhat earlier, Greek mysteries were based on ...

In this paper we argue that a couple of taken-for-granted methods employed in studying behavioral facts of human risk preference are mistakable. We call for within-subjects experiment design and propose a simple statistical method that might be used to test the validity of using sample mean in interpreting as well as generalizing risk preferences.

Parametric design is an emerging research issue in the design domain. However, our current understanding of creativity in relation to either a process or product standpoint is limited. This paper presents a formal approach for the description and identification of creativity from both perspectives. The framework combines: (i) protocol analysis for encoding cognitive design activities, providing...

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introduction: refractory status epilepticus is a life-threatening disease in children wherein seizure movements don't response to first line anti convulsion drugs. this study reviewed risk factors, management and early outcome of children with refractory status epilepticus. methods: patients with refractory status epilepticus admitted in tabriz children's hospital between 2003 and 200...

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is believed to be an important risk factor for falling. Total knee replacement (TKR) is a commonly used choice when other methods are not satisfactory. Proprioception impairment, risk of falling and balance disorder are within the main complications of this method. While multiple protocols have been suggested for TKR, efficacy of early isotonic ...