We believe that the study of the notions of universal algebra modelled in an arbitarry topos rather than in the category of sets provides a deeper understanding of the real features of the algebraic notions. [2], [3], [4], [S], [6], [7], [13], [14] are some examples of this approach. The lattice Id(L) of ideals of a lattice L (in the category of sets) is an important ingredient of the categ...

In this paper, we have focused to study convex $L$-subgroups of an $L$-ordered group. First, we introduce the concept of a convex $L$-subgroup and a convex $L$-lattice subgroup of an $L$-ordered group and give some examples. Then we find some properties and use them to construct convex $L$-subgroup generated by a subset $S$ of an $L$-ordered group $G$ . Also, we generalize a well known result a...

‎in this paper‎, ‎the notion of the radical of a filter in‎ ‎residuated lattices is defined and several characterizations of‎ ‎the radical of a filter are given‎. ‎we show that if f is a‎ ‎positive implicative filter (or obstinate filter)‎, ‎then‎ ‎rad(f)=f‎. ‎we proved the extension theorem for radical of filters in residuated lattices‎. ‎also‎, ‎we study the radical‎ ‎of filters in linearly o...

a group $g$ is called metahamiltonian if all its non-abelian subgroups are normal‎. ‎the aim of this paper is to provide an updated survey of research concerning certain classes of generalized metahamiltonian groups‎, ‎in various contexts‎, ‎and to prove some new results‎. ‎some open problems are listed‎.

recently, the algebraic theory of mv -algebras is intensively studied. in this paper, we extend the concept of derivation of $mv$-algebras and we give someillustrative examples. moreover, as a generalization of derivations of $mv$ -algebraswe introduce the notion of $f$-derivations and $(f; g)$-derivations of $mv$-algebras.also, we investigate some properties of them.

Abstract. Let L and M be two finite lattices. The ideal J(L,M) is a monomial ideal in a specific polynomial ring and whose minimal monomial generators correspond to lattice homomorphisms ϕ: L→M. This ideal is called the ideal of lattice homomorphism. In this paper, we study J(L,M) in the case that L is the product of two lattices L_1 and L_2 and M is the chain [2]. We first characterize the set...

fuzzy groups and fuzzy theory have a lot of applications in several sciences such as mathematics, computer science, computer and electrical engineering. hence, counting the number of fuzzy subgroups of finite groups to classify them is an important issue in fuzzy theory. the main goal of this paper is to give an explicit formula for the number of fuzzy subgroups of a finite cyclic group g z p1 ...

the cluster representation matrices have already been successfully used to enumerate close-packed vacancy clusters in all single-lattice crystals [i, 2]. point defect clusters in double-lattice crystals may have identical geometry but are distinct due to unique atomic postions enclosing them. the method of representation matrices is extended to make it applicable to represent and enumerate the ...

The aim of this paper is to extend results established by H. Onoand T. Kowalski regarding directly indecomposable commutative residuatedlattices to the non-commutative case. The main theorem states that a residuatedlattice A is directly indecomposable if and only if its Boolean center B(A)is {0, 1}. We also prove that any linearly ordered residuated lattice and anylocal residuated lattice are d...

In this note, we study the lattice structure on the class of all weak hyper K-ideals of a hyper K-algebra. We first introduce the notion of (left,right) scalar in a hyper K-algebra which help us to characterize the weak hyper K-ideals generated by a subset. In the sequel, using the notion of a closure operator, we study the lattice of all weak hyper K-ideals of ahyper K-algebra, and we prove a ...