This article argues that intersex is present in medieval medical texts outside of the concept hermaphroditism. The phlegmatic man, woman, and sanguine twelfth-century text Cause et cure, all exhibit characteristics. close examination terms which these figures are described also shows elaboration this directly challenges modern distinction between sex gender. Contrary to Joan Cadden’s influentia...

A century ago, Bridges proposed that male genes on the autosomes and female genes on the X chromosome compete to determine sexual identity. New genetic and molecular studies establish Caenorhabditis elegans as the first animal known to use this mechanism.

INTRODUCTION The concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' are both of vital importance in medicine and health sciences. However, the meaning of these concepts has seldom been discussed in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to explore what the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' meant for gender researchers based in a medical faculty. METHODS Sixteen researchers took part in focus group discus...

Aim: The aim of the current study is to examine the role of parenting style and mental health disorders on individuals with gender dysphoria.   Material and Methods: In this study applied research method correlation and research strategies were utilized for data analysis. A total number of 123 patients with gender dysphoria waiting for sex reassignment surgery were recruited from Navidbakhsh ...